Polyvinylpyrrolidone

Absorption

This pharmacokinetic data does not apply to povidone.

Absorption

This pharmacokinetic data does not apply to povidone.

Toxicity

Oral LD50 in mouse, rat, and rabbit are >40 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 1040 mg/kg, respectively . No cases of overdose in humans have been reported.

Toxicity

Oral LD50 in mouse, rat, and rabbit are >40 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 1040 mg/kg, respectively . No cases of overdose in humans have been reported.

The Uses of Polyvinylpyrrolidone

Polyvinylpyrrolidone is used as an adhesive in glue sticks; an emulsifier and a disintegrant for solution polymerization; an additive to Doro's RNA extraction buffer; as a liquid-phase dispersion enhancing agent in diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) NMR and as a thickening agent in tooth whitening gels. It finds use in personal care products like shampoos and toothpastes, in ink for inkjet printers as well as in contact lens solutions. It is used as a food additive and in the wine industry as a fining agent for white wine. It is used as a capping agent to synthesize silver nanowires through a polyol process.

What are the applications of Application

Polyvinylpyrrolidone is a cryoprotectant

Indications

When in complex with iodine, indicated for inducing antisepsis for prevention of infection in minor cuts, scrapes, and burns.

Background

Povidone, also known as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyvidone, is a synthetic water-soluble polymer made from the monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone used as a binder in many pharmaceutical tablets and lubricant in eye drops. It is also used in many technical applications with various roles as an adhesive, additive, and emulsifier. When in complex with iodine, Povidone-iodine displays antiseptic properties where the iodine, a bactericidal component, mainly contributes to this effect, and povidone acts as a carrier . Povidone-iodine can be found in over-the-counter topical solutions, ointment, pessaries, liquid soaps and surgical scrubs. The clinical effectiveness of Povidone-iodine on wound healing remains somewhat controversial, as it was demonstrated in a few clinical studies that the application of the compound in wounds was associated with impaired wound healing, reduced wound strength, or infection in open wounds .
The FDA withdrew its approval for the use of all intravenous drug products containing povidone. Other formulations of povidone continue to be available.

Background

A polyvinyl polymer of variable molecular weight; used as suspending and dispersing agent and vehicle for pharmaceuticals; also used as blood volume expander. See povidone for full details.

Indications

When in complex with iodine, indicated for inducing antisepsis for prevention of infection in minor cuts, scrapes, and burns.

What are the applications of Application

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (MW ~40,000) is a polymer used as a solubilizer and complexing agent

Pharmacokinetics

Povidone itself has no microbicidal activity. Povidone-iodine exhibits rapid, potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties . The clinical effectiveness of povidon-iodine on wound healing remains somewhat controversial; in few clinical studies investigating the effects of povidone-iodine on wound healing, topical administration of the complex was associated with no significant infections, but slower healing and mild to moderate discomfort on application .

Pharmacokinetics

Povidone itself has no microbicidal activity. Povidone-iodine exhibits rapid, potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties . The clinical effectiveness of povidon-iodine on wound healing remains somewhat controversial; in few clinical studies investigating the effects of povidone-iodine on wound healing, topical administration of the complex was associated with no significant infections, but slower healing and mild to moderate discomfort on application .

Metabolism

This pharmacokinetic data does not apply to povidone.

Metabolism

This pharmacokinetic data does not apply to povidone.