3-Dimethylaminopropylamine

Description

Dimethylaminopropylamine is an aliphatic amine present in amphoteric surfactants such as liquid soaps and shampoos. It is present as an impurity responsible for allergy from cocamidopropylbetaine. It is structurally similar to diethylaminopropylamine. It is also used as a curing agent for epoxy res ins and as an organic intermediate in chemical syntheses (ion exchangers, additives for flocculants, cosmetics and fuel additives, dyes and pesticides).

Chemical properties

clear liquid. soluble in water and organic solvents.

The Uses of 3-Dimethylaminopropylamine

N,N-Dimethyl-1,3-propylenediamine is a useful catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation. It is also a useful hardening agent for expoxy resin.

The Uses of 3-Dimethylaminopropylamine

3-(Dimethylamino)propylamine is an intermediate substance in the synthesis of alkylamidopropyldimethylamines/alkylamidobetaines; found as an impurity in cosmetic surfactants present in e.g. shampoos; hardener of epoxy resins; additive in fue!, dyes, pesticides and binding agents; in the production of ion-exchangers.

The Uses of 3-Dimethylaminopropylamine

Useful for cleavage of N-alkylphthalimide derivatives to give primary amines, as an alternative to methyl hydrazine. DMAPA is also used directly as a hardener in epoxy resins in the plastics industry, as a cross linking agent for cellulose fibers in the paper industry and as an anti-shriking agent for leather. It is used as an intermediate in the production of binding agents, ion-exchange materials, flocculating agents (water treatment), cosmetic agents, washing and cleaning agents (betaines), additive for petrol and other fuels, polyurethane fibers and lubricants, dyes, agrochemicals, agents used in the photographic and textile industries.

Production Methods

3-Dimethylaminopropylamine is produced by addition of dimethylamine to acrylonitrile and subsequent hydrogenation in the presence of ammonia.

General Description

Dimethylaminopropylamine is a colorless liquid. (NTP, 1992)

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Temperature sensitive and possibly sensitive to air. Water soluble.

Reactivity Profile

3-Dimethylaminopropylamine neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Fire Hazard

3-Dimethylaminopropylamine is flammable.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact. A skin and eye irritant. Very flammable when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidmers. Reaction with 1,2dichloroethane produces explosive acetylene gas. This and other amines igmte on contact with cellulose nitrate of hgh surface area. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NO,. See also AMINES

Toxicology

There are indications of contact and possibly respiratory allergy in relation to occupational exposure. Less than 0.9 ppm of 3-dimethylaminopropylamine in the workplace air may adversely affect respiratory function. The skin-sensitizing potential was verified in an animal study. In an oral 28-d study with rats (gavage, 7 times per week.), clinical symptoms including pulmonary and cardiac failure were noted at 250 mg kg ^-1 d ^-1, but no treatment-related effects at a level of 50 mg kg ^-1 d ^-1.