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HomeProduct name listVanadium(III) chloride

Vanadium(III) chloride

Synonym(s):Vanadium trichloride;Vanadium(III) chloride

  • CAS NO.:7718-98-1
  • Empirical Formula: Cl3V
  • Molecular Weight: 157.29
  • MDL number: MFCD00011454
  • EINECS: 231-744-6
  • SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)
  • Update Date: 2024-08-28 13:53:20
Vanadium(III) chloride Structural

What is Vanadium(III) chloride?

Chemical properties

Vanadium(III) chloride is pink, deliquescent crystals that decompose upon heating. It is soluble in absolute alcohol and ether but decomposes in water. The hydrated ions of trivalent vanadium are green. They form hydrated coordinated chlorides with excess chloride ions and react with liquid ammonia to produce ammine compounds. They also react with gaseous ammonia to form nitrides, with amines and other organic compounds to produce corresponding coordination compounds, and with certain aromatic hydroxy acids to exhibit characteristic color reactions.
Vanadium(III) chloride

The Uses of Vanadium(III) chloride

Vanadium(III) chloride has been used as a catalyst for Biginelli condensation. As a reducing agent, it is capable of converting nitrate to nitrite in water samples, allowing for the direct detection of nitrates.

The Uses of Vanadium(III) chloride

Preparation of vanadium dichloride and organovanadium compounds.

What are the applications of Application

Vanadium(III) chloride is a common precursor to other vanadium(III) complexes

General Description

Vanadium(III) chloride is a crystalline solid with variable oxidation states. It is widely used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, polymerization processes, and redox batteries. It acts as a reducing agent.

Air & Water Reactions

Deliquescent. Generates acid mists when exposed to moist air. Dissolves in water with formation of an acidic solution and generation of acidic fumes.

Reactivity Profile

VANADIUM(III) CHLORIDE attacks many organic compounds. Can catalyze organic reactions. Aqueous solutions react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. Combination of the trichloride with methylmagnesium iodide, or other Grignard type reagents, can be violently explosive under a variety of conditions, Chem. Rev., 1955, 55, 560.

Health Hazard

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Vapors may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars etc.). Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and runoff. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Extremely violent reaction with methyl magnesium iodide and other Grignard reagents. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of VOx and Cl-. See also VANADIUM COMPOUNDS and HYDROCHLORIC ACID.

References

[1] BERNHARD SCHNETGER Carola L. Determination of nitrate plus nitrite in small volume marine water samples using vanadium(III)chloride as a reduction agent[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2014, 160: Pages 91-98. DOI:10.1016/j.marchem.2014.01.010.
[2] XU Toshikazu H. Vanadium-Catalyzed Pinacol Coupling Reaction in Water[J]. The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2005, 70 21: 8594-8596. DOI:10.1021/jo051213f.
[3] GOWRAVARAM SABITHA. Vanadium(III) chloride: A mild and efficient catalyst for the chemoselective deprotection of acetonides[J]. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 2005, 238 1: Pages 229-232. DOI:10.1016/j.molcata.2005.05.028.
[4] SHU WANG. Automated determination of nitrate plus nitrite in aqueous samples with flow injection analysis using vanadium (III) chloride as reductant.[J]. Talanta, 2016, 47 1: 744-748. DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2015.06.031.

Properties of Vanadium(III) chloride

Melting point: 250 °C
Density  3 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
storage temp.  no restrictions.
solubility  Soluble in tetrahydrofuran, alcohol, ether and hydrocarbons.
form  Powder
Specific Gravity 3.
color  Dark blue to violet to black
Water Solubility  decomposes in H2O; soluble alcohol, ether [HAW93]
Sensitive  Moisture Sensitive
Exposure limits NIOSH: Ceiling 0.05 mg/m3
CAS DataBase Reference 7718-98-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System Vanadium chloride (VCl3) (7718-98-1)

Safety information for Vanadium(III) chloride

Signal word Danger
Pictogram(s)
ghs
Corrosion
Corrosives
GHS05
ghs
Exclamation Mark
Irritant
GHS07
GHS Hazard Statements H302:Acute toxicity,oral
H314:Skin corrosion/irritation
Precautionary Statement Codes P260:Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P270:Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P301+P312:IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.
P303+P361+P353:IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P305+P351+P338:IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

Computed Descriptors for Vanadium(III) chloride

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