JERVINE

Description

First obtained from Veratrum grandiflorum by Wright and Luff, this alkaloid is also present in V. album. It was originally given the formula C26H3703N. 2H20, subsequently altered to that given above by Jacobs and Craig. The base crystallizes from aqueous EtOH in stellate groups of colourless prisms and has [α]_D - 147° (EtOH). The hydrochloride (dihydrate) has m.p. 208°C (Wright and Luff) or 330-334°C (dec.) according to Jacobs and Craig, the latter finding a change in crystalline form at 280°C. The hydriodide has m.p. 302-5°C; the nitrate and aurichloride are both crystalline and the picrate melts at 278-284°C. TheN-nitroso derivative has m.p. 246-7°C; the N-acety1 compound, m.p. 161-2°C and the O,N-diacetyl derivative, m.p. 17 6-7°C.
Treatment with aluminium tert-butoxide gives Δ4-jervone, m.p. 193-4°C; [α]²⁸_D + 28.3° (EtOH), giving an oxime, m.p. 287-9°C and reduced by aluminium isopropoxide to Δ4-jervine, m.p. 203- 2 11°C. Catalytic hydrogenation with Pd-C yields the dihydro derivative, m.p. 248-251°C; [α]²⁶_D - 82° (EtOH). On further hydrogenation, the tetrahydro compound is formed, m.p. 216- 221°C; [α]²⁸_D - 18° (EtOH). Jervine may be reduced by sodium in butanol to a:-dihydrojervinol, m.p. 223-5°C; [α]²⁷_D - 107° (EtOH). The similar reduction of dihydrojervine yields (3-dihydrojervino1, m.p. 286-9°C; [α]²⁸_D-4 C(EtOH). On Se dehydrogenation, the alkaloid behaves like cevine (q.v.) giving a mixture of bases and hydrocarbons from which the following have been isolated; 5-methyl- 2-ethylpyridine; 5-methyl-2-ethyl-3-hydroxypyridine; C2oH22 , m.p. 79°C; C24H30, m.p. 100- 1°C; C2l H24 , m.p. 70-8 1°C; C2oH 16 , m.p. I 25-7°C and C22H20 , m.p. I 54-5℃。
In large doses, the alkaloid produces vasodilatation and a fall in blood pressure

Chemical properties

White Crystalline Solid

The Uses of JERVINE

Has antibacterial properties. Jervine demonstrates teratogenic properties. It is the starting material for C-nor-D-homosteroids. Jervine induces holoprosencephaly and blocks endogenous Sonic hedgehog signaling

What are the applications of Application

Jervine is a naturally occuring steroidal alkaloid that can inhibit the sonic hedgehog pathway

Definition

ChEBI: Jervine is a member of piperidines.

storage

-20°C

Purification Methods

4 Crystallise Jervine from MeOH/H2O or Me2O. The hydrochloride has m 300-302o (from MeOH/Et2O), and the picrate has m 26

References

Wright, Luff., J. Chern. Soc., 35,405 (1879)
Saltzberger., Arch. Pharrn., 228,462 (1890)
Bredemann., Apoth. Zeit., 21,41,53 (1906)
Saito, Suginome, Takaoka., Bull. Chern. Soc. Japan, 9, 15(1934)
Saito, Suginome, Takaoka., ibid, 11, 168, 172 (I936)
Poethke., Arch. Pharrn., 357,571 (I937)
Poethke., ibid, 276, 170 (1938)
Jacobs, Craig., J. BioI. Chern., 148, 51 (1943)
Seiferle.,J. Econ. Entorn., 35,35 (1942)
Jacobs et al., J. Bioi. Chern., 170, 635 (1947)
Wintersteiner et al., J. A mer. Chern. Soc., 73, 2970 (1951)
Wintersteiner, Hosansky., ibid, 74,4474 (1952)
Stereochemistry:
Kupchan, Suffness., J. A mer. Chern. Soc., 90, 2730 (1968)
Masamune et al., Tetrahedron, 24, 3461 (1968)