Chlorpyrifos-methyl

Description

Chlorpyrifos-methyl is a general use organophosphate insecticide registered in 1985. It is used for the control of stored grain pests, weevils, moths, borers, beetles and mealworms, red flour beetle, and grain moth; for seed treatment; and for warehouse. It is effective against rice stem borer, aphids, cutworms, plant and leaf hoppers, mole crickets and some moths, and stored grain pests. It is poorly soluble in water, moderately soluble in hexane and alcohols, and readily soluble in other organic solvents such as acetone, benzene, and chloroform.

Chemical properties

Chlorpyrifos-methyl is a general use organophosphate insecticide registered in 1985. It is used for the control of stored grain pests, weevils, moths, borers, beetles and mealworms, red fl our beetle, grain moth, for seed treatment. It is effective against rice stem borer, aphids, cutworms, plant and leaf hoppers, mole crickets, moths and stored grain pests. It is poorly soluble in water, moderately soluble in hexane and alcohols, and readily soluble in other organic solvents, such as acetone, benzene, and chloroform

Chemical properties

White or amber crystalline solid. May be dissolved in a flammable or combustible carrier solvent.

The Uses of Chlorpyrifos-methyl

Chlorpyriphos-methyl is an derivative of Chlorpyrifos (C425300), an insecticide that acts on the nervous system of insects by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.

Definition

ChEBI: An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group.

General Description

Colorless crystals. Corrosive to copper, brass, iron, and tin plate. Used as an insecticide.

Air & Water Reactions

Hydrolyzed by strong acid and base.

Reactivity Profile

A chlorinated organophosphate derivative. Organophosphates are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides. Chlorpyrifos-methyl is incompatible with strong acids and bases.

Health Hazard

Exposures to chlorpyrifos-methyl cause excessive salivation, sweating, rhinorrhea and tearing, muscle twitching, blurred vision/dark vision, slurred speech, weakness, tremor, incoordination, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, respiratory depression, tightness in chest, wheezing, productive cough, fl uid in lungs, and pin-point pupils. In cases of severe exposure and poisoning, chlorpyrifos-methyl causes seizures, incontinence, respiratory depression, loss of consciousness, respiratory paralysis, and death. Exposures to chlorpyrifos-methyl cause cholinesterase inhibition in workers, and the systemic toxicity includes body weight loss, decreased food consumption, and liver, kidney, and adrenal pathology

Agricultural Uses

Insecticide: Chlorpyrifos-methyl is used on stored grain (for protection of stored food, feed oil, and seed grains against injury from stored grain weevils, moths, borers, beetles and mealworms including granary weevil, rice weevil, red flour beetle, confused flour beetle, saw-toothed grain beetle, Indian meal moth, and Angoumois grain moth, lessor grain borers), seed treatment, grain bin and warehouse. [14] In 2000, the registrants of chlorpyrifos-methyl requested voluntary cancellation of their products rather than committing to develop additional data for reregistration

Trade name

DOWCO-217®; NOLTRAN®; RELDAN®; RELDANE® , STORCIDE®; ZERTELL®

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal, and skin contact routes. A skin irritant. Experimental reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Cl-, NOx POx and SOxA pesticide.

Potential Exposure

Chlorpyrifos-methyl is a general use organophosphate insecticide for use on stored grain (for protection of stored food, feed oil, and seed grains against injury from stored grain weevils, moths, borers, beetles, and mealworms including granary weevil, rice weevil, red flour beetle, confused flour beetle, saw-toothed grain beetle, Indian meal moth, and Angoumois grain moth, lessor grain borers), seed treatment, grain bin, and warehouse.

Shipping

UN2783 Organophosphorus pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials. UN3018 Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

Incompatibilities

Strong oxidizers, strong acids, and alkalies. In the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides, organophosphates form highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas. Contact with oxidizers can cause the release of toxic oxides of phosphorus. Corrosive to copper, brass, iron, and tin plate.

Waste Disposal

This compound is 50% hydrolyzed in aqueous methanol solution @ pH 6 in 1930 days; and in 7.2 days at pH 9.96. Spray mixtures of <1% concentration are destroyed with an excess of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in ,30 minutes @ 100°C; and in 24 hours @ 30°C. Concentrated (61.5%) mixtures are essentially destroyed by treatment with 100:1 volumes of the above sodium hypochlorite solution and steam in 10 minutes. Containers must be disposed of properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office

Precautions

Workplaces should have adequate washing facilities at all times during handling and these should be close to the site of handling. Eating, drinking, and smoking should be prohibited during handling and before washing after handling. Containers of chlorpyrifosmethyl should be kept away from foodstuffs, animal feed and their containers, and out of reach of children