3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol

Description

1-Thioglycerol is a reagent used in fluorescence, spectroscopy, and microbiology techniques. Varying the concentration of 1-thioglycerol in the preparation of CdSe/CdS core-shell ultrasmall quantum dots (CS-USQDs) allows a precise way to control the size of the shell, with shell size increasing with increased concentration. It is used as a capping agent in the synthesis of nanocrystals analyzed via Raman and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Biologically, 1-thioglycerol stimulates porphyrin synthesis and increases glutamyl-tRNA reductase activity in E. coli grown in an aerobic environment. It was previously a component in hair permanents used to produce waves or curls.

Chemical properties

clear colorless to yellowish viscous solution

Chemical properties

Monothioglycerol occurs as a colorless or pale-yellow colored, viscous, hygroscopic liquid with a slight odor of sulfide.

The Uses of 3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol

3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol has been used in a study to assess the manipulation of aqueous growth of CdTe nanocrystals. It has also been used in a study that investigated the effect of surface attachment on ligand binding

The Uses of 3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol

3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol can be used as antioxidant preservative; reagent in analytical chemistry, cell culture research. Matrix substrate in fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.

The Uses of 3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol

It generally used as a size-regulating capping agent for nanocrystals. 1-Thioglycerol is also used in bacteriology experiments to induce the synthesis of porphyrin compounds in aerobically growing Escherichia coli. Also used to study the pH-sensitive photoluminescence of aqueous thiol-capped CdTe nanocrystals. 1-Thioglycerol is used to develop and test thiol functionalized copolymers. 1-Thioglycerol is used as a post-modification agent in the generation of non-standard peptide foldamers.Potential substitute for 2-mercaptoethanol, probe for the study of lymphocyte activation.

What are the applications of Application

1-Thioglycerol is a chemical known to stimulate the synthesis of porphyrins in aerobic Escherichia coli.

Definition

ChEBI: A thiol that is glycerol in which one of the primary hydroxy groups is replaced by a thiol group.

Production Methods

Monothioglycerol is prepared by heating an ethanolic solution of 3- chloro-1,2-propanediol with potassium bisulfide.

General Description

1-Thioglycerol stimulates the synthesis of porphyrin in aerobically growing Escherichia coli. It is an inhibitor of glycerol kinase activity in vitro and in situ.

Pharmaceutical Applications

Monothioglycerol is used as an antioxidant in pharmaceutical formulations, mainly in parenteral preparations.Monothioglycerol is reported to have some antimicrobial activity.It is also widely used in cosmetic formulations such as depilating agents.
Therapeutically, monothioglycerol has been used in a 0.02% w/w aqueous solution to stimulate wound healing, and as a 0.1% w/w jelly in atrophic rhinitis.

Safety Profile

Poison by intraperitoneal and intravenous routes. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits hghly toxic fumes of SOx.

Safety

Monothioglycerol is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material at the concentrations used as a pharmaceutical excipient. It is used in topical and injectable preparations. Undiluted monothioglycerol is considered a poison by the IP and IV routes; it has also been reported to be mutagenic.
LD₅₀ (cat, IV): 0.22 g/kg
LD₅₀ (mouse, IP): 0.34 g/kg
LD₅₀ (rabbit, IV): 0.25 g/kg
LD₅₀ (rat, IP): 0.39 g/kg

storage

Monothioglycerol is unstable in alkaline solutions. Monothioglycerol should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.

Incompatibilities

Monothioglycerol can react with oxidizing materials.

Regulatory Status

Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IM, IV and other injections). Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Nonmedicinal Ingredients.