1,2-EPOXYBUTANE

Description

Butylene oxide is a watery white liquid withan etherial odor. Molecular weight = 72.1 (1,2- and 2,3-isomers);Specific gravity (H2O:1) = 0.83; Boilingpoint = 63.3℃; Freezing/Melting point = - 130℃; Vaporpressure = 142 mmHg at 20℃; 176 mmHg at 25℃;Relative vapor density (air = 1) = 2.2; Relative density ofthe vapor/air mixture at 20C (air = 1) = 1.3; Flashpoint = - 22℃; Autoignition temperature = 439℃.Explosive limits in air: LEL: 1.7%; UEL: 19%. HazardIdentification (based on NFPA-704 M Rating System):Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 2. Soluble in water;solubility = 9.5% at 25℃.

Chemical properties

1,2-Butylene oxide is a colorless mobile liquid with an unpleasant smell. This low boiling liquid has but limited water solubility, yet is miscible with most common organic solvents. It undergoes the usual reactions of epoxides with compounds having labile hydrogen atoms. Some of these are acids, amines, ammonia, alcohols, phenols, polyols, thiols, etc. Butylene oxide can be polymerized or copolymerized with other alkylene oxides to yield polyethers. The resulting polymers are less water soluble than the polymers made from ethylene and propylene oxide, of equivalent chain length.

Chemical properties

Butylene oxide is a watery-white liquid with and ethereal odor.

The Uses of 1,2-EPOXYBUTANE

Intermediate for various polymers, stabilizer for chlorinated solvents.

The Uses of 1,2-EPOXYBUTANE

Primarily used as a stabilizer for chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents; also used as a chemical intermediate in the production of butylene glycols

What are the applications of Application

1-Butene oxide is a hydrogen chloride acceptor in chlorocarbons

Definition

ChEBI: 1,2-Epoxybutane is an epoxide.

General Description

A clear colorless volatile liquid with an ethereal odor. Flash point near 0°F. Density about 6.9 lb / gal. Soluble in water. Boiling point near 140°F. Flammable over a wide range of vapor-air concentrations. May polymerize with the evolution of heat and possible rupture of container if contaminated. Vapors irritate eyes, skin and respiratory system. Prolonged contact with skin may cause in delayed burns. Vapors are heavier than air. Used as an intermediate to make various polymers. Chemicals that polymerize are often stabilized by refrigeration.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Soluble in water and may decompose upon contact with water.

Reactivity Profile

Epoxides, such as 1,2-EPOXYBUTANE, are highly reactive. They polymerize in the presence of catalysts or when heated. Contact with anhydrous metal halides; amino, hydroxyl and carboxyl functions; inorganic acids and charcoal may cause polymerization. These polymerization reactions can be violent. Compounds in this group react with acids, bases, and oxidizing and reducing agents. They react, possibly violently with water in the presence of acid and other catalysts.

Hazard

Toxic concentration of vapors occurs at room temperature. Highly flammable, dangerous fire risk. Possible carcinogen.

Health Hazard

Inhalation: intolerable odor and irritation; respiratory injury may occur at higher levels. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with either liquid or vapor may cause burns of eyes. Liquid produces frostbite-type of skin burn if free to evaporate; if confined to skin, burn may cause skin sensitization; not readily absorbed in toxic amounts.

Fire Hazard

Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode in fire. Use water to cool container from safe distance.

Flammability and Explosibility

Highly flammable

Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic data. Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact. Mtldly toxic by inhalation. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or powerful oxidizers. To fight fire, use dry chemical, water spray, mist or fog, alcohol foam. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.

Potential Exposure

It is used as a stabilizer in chlorinated solvents, and to make other chemicals, such as gasoline additives.

First aid

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.Medical observation is recommended for 24
48 h afterbreathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may bedelayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor o

Carcinogenicity

Exposure to 1000 ppm before and during gestation did not cause any teratogenic effects in rats; fetal growth and viability were not affected despite depressed maternal body weight gain.6 Rabbits exposed at 250 or 1000ppm 7 hours/day during gestational days 0 to 24 had maternal deaths at both exposure concentrations. No teratogenic effects were observed, although the pregnancy rate was reduced in the high-dose group. 1,2-Epoxybutane is a direct-acting alkylating agent, and it is genotoxic in a wide range of assays.
Instilled in the eyes of rabbits, 1,2- epoxybutane caused corneal injury.
A threshold limit value (TLV) has not been established for 1,2-epoxybutane, although US manufacturers have recommended a voluntary time-weighted average-threshold limit value of 40ppm.

storage

Color Code—Red: Flammability Hazard: Store ina flammable liquid storage area or approved cabinet awayfrom ignition sources and corrosive and reactive materials.Prior to working with this chemical acid you should betrained on its proper handling and storage. Protect againstphysical damage. Store only if inhibited. Outside ordetached storage is preferred. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials listed above. Metal containers involving thetransfer of this chemical should be grounded and bonded.Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressurevacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only nonsparkingtools and equipment, especially when opening and closingcontainers of this chemical. Sources of ignition, such assmoking and open flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could createa potential fire or explosion hazard. A regulated, markedarea should be established where this chemical is handled,used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard1910.1045.

Shipping

UN3022 1,2-Butylene oxide, stabilized, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3—Flammable liquid

Purification Methods

Dry it with CaSO4, and fractionally distil it through a long (126cm) glass helices-packed column. The first fraction contains a water azeotrope. [Beilstein 17 II 17.]

Incompatibilities

May form explosive mixture with air. Unless inhibited, can form unstable and explosive peroxides. Before entering confined space where this chemical may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Polymerization will occur in the presence of acids, strong bases and chlorides of tin, iron and aluminum. Storage tanks and other equipment should be absolutely dry and free from air, ammonia, acetylene, hydrogen sulfide, rust and other contaminants. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Attacks some plastics. May accumulate static electric charges that can result in ignition of its vapors. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.