1-Propanethiol

Description

Propane thiol is an organic compound with the molecular formula C₃H₈S. It belongs to the group of thiols. It is a colorless liquid with a strong, offensive odor. It is moderately toxic and is less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. It is used as a chemical intermediate and a herbicide . It is highly flammable and it gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Heating it will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting.

Chemical properties

clear colourless liquid

Chemical properties

Propanethiol is chemically classified among the thiols, which are organic compounds with molecular formulas and structural formulas similar to alcohols, except that sulfur-containing sulfhydryl group (- SH) replaces the oxygen - containing hydroxyl group in the molecule. Propanethiol's basic molecular formula is C₃H₇SH, and its structural formula is similar to that of the alcohol n-propanol.

Chemical properties

Propyl mercaptan has a characteristic odor of cabbage. Below 2 to 3 ppm, it has a sweet onion and cabbage-like flavor.

Occurrence

Reported found in onion (Allium cepa L.), garlic, shallot, roasted onion, raw leek, heated leek, chive, cooked chicken, beef, beer, American potato chips and durian (Durio zibethinus).

The Uses of 1-Propanethiol

1-Propanethiol, is used widely in research areas. This compound has a wide range of applications including cell biology, materials science, nanoscience, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), nanoelectronics, and contact printing. It is also used as a chemical intermediate.

The Uses of 1-Propanethiol

Chemical intermediate, herbicide.

The Uses of 1-Propanethiol

1-PP can be used as a capping agent that improves the thermal stability and light absorption of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which can be incorporated into the perovskite solar cells. Gallium-arsenic (Ga-As) can be surface functionalized with 1-PP and can be potentially used in the fabrication of group VI precusors and self-assembled electron beam resists in semiconductor industry. It can also form a SAM on gold(111) surface that may be used to immobilize macromolecules.

What are the applications of Application

1-Propanethiol is an alkyl thiol with uses is a wide range of research areas

Definition

ChEBI: An alkanethiol that is propane substituted by a thiol group at position 1.

Preparation

By reacting propyl alcohol and H2S under particular conditions; from propyl alcohol or propyl disulfide and naphthalene; from n-propyl chloride and potassium hydrosulfide; also from n-propanol plus bromine plus red phosphorus in the presence of sodium sulfate.

General Description

A colorless liquid with a strong, offensive odor. Moderately toxic. Flash point below 0°F. Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. Hence floats on water. Used as a chemical intermediate and a herbicide.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Vapors explosive when exposed to heat, flame or sparks. Slightly soluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

1-Propanethiol emits toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur when heated to decomposition. Reacts violently on contact with calcium hypochlorite [Chem. Eng. News, 1973, 51(26), p. 14].

Hazard

Highly flammable, dangerous fire risk.

Health Hazard

Inhalation causes muscular weakness, convulsions, and respiratory paralysis; high concentrations may cause pulmonary irritation. Contact with liquid causes irritation of eyes and skin. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach.

Fire Hazard

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic sulfur dioxide is generated.

Flammability and Explosibility

Flammable

Safety Profile

A poison. Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. Mildly toxic by inhalation. A severe eye irritant. A flammable liquid and very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Explodes on contact with calcium hypochlorite. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx. See also MERCAPTANS.

Purification Methods

Purify the thiol by dissolving it in aqueous 20% NaOH, extracting with a small amount of *benzene and steam distilling until clear. After cooling, the solution is acidified slightly with 15% H2SO4, and the thiol is distilled out, dried with anhydrous CaSO4 or CaCl2, and fractionally distilled under nitrogen. [Mathias & Filho J Phys Chem 62 1427 1958.] Also purify it by liberating the mercaptan by adding dilute HCl to the residue remaining after steam distilling. After direct distillation from the flask, and separation of the water, the mercaptan is dried (Na2SO4) and distilled under nitrogen. [Beilstein 1 IV 1449.]