Zinc chloride

Absorption

Zinc is approximately 33% orally bioavailable in humans but bioavailability can vary between patients and depending on current zinc levels. Further data regarding the pharmacokinetics of zinc chloride are not readily available.

Toxicity

Patients experiencing and overdose may present with hypotension, pulmonary edema, diarrhea, vomiting, jaundice, and oligouria. Overdose can be managed through symptomatic and supportive treatment which may include sodium calcium edetate and analgesics.
The oral LD50 in mice is 329 mg/kg and in rats is 350 mg/kg.

Background

Zinc chloride is a solution of ions indicated for use in total parenteral nutrition to maintain zinc levels and prevent deficiency syndromes.
Zinc chloride was granted FDA approval before 26 June 1986.

Indications

Zinc chloride injections are indicated for use total parenteral nutrition to maintain zinc serum levels and prevent deficiency syndromes.

Pharmacokinetics

Zinc is a cofactor in many enzymes and mediates a number of catalytic, structural, and regulatory roles in the body. It has a wide therapeutic index and long duration of action, as most zinc in the body is reabsorbed. Patients should be counselled regarding the risk of administration in patients with severe kidney dysfunction.

Metabolism

Zinc chloride dissociates into ions in vivo and does not undergo further metabolism.

The Uses of Zinc chloride

Zinc chloride is strongly deliquescent (water-absorbing) and is utilized as a drying agent and as a flux. In aqueous solution it is used as a wood preservative.