Nilvadipine

Description

Nilvadipine is a new, second-generation calcium channel blocker effective in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris. Its potent inhibitory effect on the stimulated chemotaxis of smooth muscle cells and protective action against calcium deposition suggest that nilvadipine may be useful for preventing and treating atherosclerosis.

Chemical properties

Yellow Prisms

Originator

Fujisawa (Japan)

The Uses of Nilvadipine

Used as an antihypertensive and antianginal

The Uses of Nilvadipine

antihypertensive;calcium channel blocker

The Uses of Nilvadipine

Used as an antihypertensive and antianginal.

Background

Nilvadipine is a calcium channel blocker (CCB) for the treatment of hypertension.

Indications

For the management of vasospastic angina, chronic stable angina and hypertension.

What are the applications of Application

Nilvadipine is a potent calcium channel protein inhibitor and blocker

Definition

ChEBI: Nilvadipine is an isopropyl ester, a methyl ester, a nitrile and a dihydropyridine.

Manufacturing Process

To a solution of isopropyl ester of 6-formyl-5-methoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-4-(3- nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine- 3-carboxylic acid (4.5 g) in acetic acid (35 ml) were added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.97 g) and sodium acetate (1.43 g), and the mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2.5 hours. After acetic anhydride (4.14 g) was added to this reaction mixture, the mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 1.5 hours and at 95-100°C for additional 4 hours. The acetic acid and the excess of acetic anhydride were removed in vacuum, followed by adding water to the residue and it was neutralized with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. This aqueous suspension was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, and the combined extract was washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to give a reddish-brown oil (4.88 g), which was chromatographed over silica gel (150 g) with a mixture of benzene and ethyl acetate (10:1 by volume) as an eluent to give a crude crystals (2.99 g). These were recrystallized from ethanol to give yellow prisms (1.89 g) of isopropyl ester of 6-cyano-5-methoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-4-(3- nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid melting point 148-150°C (yellow prisms from ethanol); [α]D20 = 222.4° (c = 1 in methanol).

brand name

Nivadil

Therapeutic Function

Calcium entry blocker, Antihypertensive

Pharmacokinetics

Nilvadipine is similar to other dihydropyridines including amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, and nicardipine. Nilvadipine is used to treat Prinzmetal's angina, hypertension, and other vascular disorders such as Raynaud's phenomenon. By blocking the calcium channels, Nifedipine inhibits the spasm of the coronary artery and dilates the systemic arteries, results in a increase of myocardial oxygen supply and a decrease in systemic blood pressure.

Metabolism

Not Available

References

1) Paris?et al. (2014),?The spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) regulates Alzheimer amyloid-β production and Tau hyperphosphorylation; J. Biol. Chem.,?289?33927 2) Rosenthal (1994),?Nilvadipine: profile of a new calcium antagonist. An overview; J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 24 Suppl 2?S92 3) Nimmrich and Eckert (2013),?Calcium channel blockers and dementia; Br. J. Pharmacol.?169?1203 4) Otori?et al. (2003),?Protective effect of nilvadipine against glutamate neurotoxicity in purified retinal ganglion cells; Brain Res.?961?213