Niflumic acid

Chemical properties

Crystalline Solid

Originator

Nifluril,U.P.S.A.,France,1968

The Uses of Niflumic acid

Niflumic acid is used for the exact same indications as the drugs described above. Synonyms for this drug are actol, flunir, nifluril, and others.

The Uses of Niflumic acid

Anti-inflammatory. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor

The Uses of Niflumic acid

analgesic, antiinflammatory

What are the applications of Application

Niflumic acid is a selective Cox-2 inhibitor and GPR35 activator

Definition

ChEBI: Niflumic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid and a member of pyridines.

Manufacturing Process

Niflumic acid is prepared as follows: Nicotinic acid, m-trifluoromethylaniline, and potassium iodide are intimately mixed and heated on an oil bath at 140°C. The mixture melts to give a dark red liquid. The temperature of the oil bath is allowed to fall to 100°C and is maintained at this temperature for an hour and a half. The mixture puffs up and forms a yellow crystalline mass. After cooling to ordinary temperature, this mass is ground up in a mortar and extracted several times with small volumes of ether to remove excess mtrifluoromethylaniline. The residue is then washed twice with 10 ml of distilled water to remove m-trifluoromethylaniline hydrochloride and potassium iodide, and finally twice with 10 ml of 95% alcohol to remove colored resinous contaminants. After drying at 100°C, 2-(m-trifluoromethylanilino)nicotinic acid is obtained as pale yellow needles (from 70% ethanol) melting at 204°C (Kofler block).

Therapeutic Function

Antiinflammatory

Trade name

Actol (Mayrhofer, Austria; Upsamedica, Spain), Donalgin (Gedeon Richter, Hungary), Livornex (Genepharm, Greece), Ni- flam (Upsamedica, Italy), Nifluril (UPSA, France; Upsamedica, Belgium, Switzerland, Portugal).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Niflumic acid (NFA), a γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAARs) antagonist is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and it belongs to the fenamate class. It is also a blocker of chloride ion channel and a calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) inhibitor. NFA possesses anti-inflammatory property and is useful in treating rheumatic disorders. It is also an inhibitor of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and glycine receptor. NFA also inhibits enzymes associated with the prostaglandins synthesis.

Side Effects

Niflumic acid has been used effectively to treat rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and hypertrophic osteoarthritis of the hip and knee. Gastric complications are the chief adverse effects of this drug.

Synthesis

Niflumic acid, 2-3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino nicotinic acid (3.2.21), is synthesized either by the reaction of 2-chloronicotinic acid with 3-trifluoromethylaniline [84¨C86], or 2-aminonicotinic acid with 1-bromo-3-trifluoromethylbenzene [87].