Nandrolone Decanoate

Absorption

A 50 mg intramuscular dose of nandrolone decanoate reaches a mean Cmax 2.14 ng/mL, with a mean Tmax of 30 hours, and a mean AUC of 400 h*ng/mL. A 100 mg intramuscular dose of nandrolone decanoate reaches a mean Cmax 4.26 ng/mL, with a mean Tmax of 30 hours, and a mean AUC of 862 h*ng/mL. A 150 mg intramuscular dose of nandrolone decanoate reaches a mean Cmax 5.16 ng/mL, with a mean Tmax of 72 hours, and a mean AUC of 1261 h*ng/mL.

Toxicity

Data regarding acute overdose of nandrolone decanoate are not readily available. However, patients experiencing a chronic overdose of anabolic steroids may experience adverse effects including suppression of testosterone and spermatogenesis, shrinking of testicles, decreased libido, and erectile dysfunction in men; and suppressed estrogen, progesterone, and ovulation, amenorrhea, and clitoromegaly in women. Patients may also experience neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, and hepatic adverse effects. Alkylated anabolic steroids such as nandrolone decanoate are more likely to cause hepatic adverse effects. Treat patients with symptomatic and supportive measures.
The intraperitoneal LD50 in mice is >566 mg/kg.

Description

Nandrolone decanoate, also known as nandrolone caprinate, is an alkylated anabolic steroid indicated in the management of anemia of renal insufficiency and as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis. The process for creating esters of [nandrolone] was patented in Spain in 1959 and in 1960, it was described as having a long duration of action and strong anabolic effect compared to nandrolone and other esters. Nandrolone decanoate was granted FDA approval on 5 October 1962.

Chemical properties

White or almost white, crystalline powder.

The Uses of Nandrolone Decanoate

Nandrolone Decanoate is an anabolic steroid. Nandrolone decanoate is used in the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Nandrolone Decanoate is also used for some aplastic anemias. Control led Substance.

Background

Nandrolone decanoate, a prominent anabolic steroid, is widely recognized for managing renal insufficiency-related anemia and supporting osteoporosis therapy in the elderly and postmenopausal women. This substance, first patented in Spain in 1959 and later in 1960 for its enduring anabolic impact, has outperformed both nandrolone and competing esters. Its approval by the FDA, achieved on October 5, 1962, cemented its place in medical treatments, demonstrating its efficacy and safety in clinical use.

Indications

Nandrolone decanoate is indicated in the management of anemia of renal insufficiency. In Canada, it is also indicated as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Definition

ChEBI: Nandrolone decanoate is a steroid ester.

Manufacturing Process

1 gram of 19-nortestosterone is dissolved in 3 ml of dry pyridine, after which the resulting solution is cooled to -20°C. A solution of 1.0 gram of decanoic acid chloride in 3 ml of dry benzene is added to the cooled solution. The mixture is maintained at -15°C for 16 hours and then poured into ice water. The aqueous liquid is extracted with benzene, the benzene solution is washed with respectively 1 N sodium hydroxide solution, 2 N hydrochloric acid and with water until neutral reaction.
Then the solution is dried on sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to dryness. The residue, 1.63 grams is dissolved in hexane, this solution is filtered over 30 grams of neutral aluminum oxide, and evaporated to dryness. On paper chromatographic investigation it turned out that the obtained 19- nortestosterone 17-decanoate which at room temperature is an oil consists of a single compound, according to US Patent 2,998,423.

Benefits

Nandrolone Decanoate has a variety of health benefits, including boosting red blood cell production; promoting muscle endurance and healing; and increasing lean muscle mass and bone density.

brand name

Durabolin (Organon);Abolon;Activin;Anabolin la 100;Anador;Anadur;Analone-50;Androlone d 100;Androlone d 50;Decabolin;Deca-durabolin decanoate;Deca-noralone;Docabolin;Fherbolico;Fortabolin;Hybolin-decanoate;Iebolan;Kabolin;Keratyl;Methybol-depot;Nandrolone decanoate;Nordecon;Stenabolin;Sterobolin;Turinabol-depot.

Mechanism of action

Nandrolone decanoate is hydrolyzed to nandrolone, possibly by PDE7B. Nandrolone is brought into cells by receptor mediated endocytosis, where it interacts with the androgen receptor. After binding to the androgen receptor, a conformational change occurs, the androgen receptor enters the nucleus, dimerizes, and can then bind to segments of DNA to regulate transcription. Androgens can also regulate transcription through activation of ERK, Akt, and MAPK; or binding to and competitively inhibiting transcription factors.

World Health Organization (WHO)

Nandrolone decanoate, an anabolic steroid, was introduced in 1962. In 1982, low dosage preparations were prohibited in Bangladesh due to inadmissible promotion of products containing anabolic steroids for malnourished children. Higher dosage preparations of nandrolone decanoate remain available in many countries, including Bangladesh, for several highly specific but limited indications that apply to patients with chronic debilitating and emaciating diseases, particularly associated with neoplasia and some types of aplastic anaemia.

General Description

Nandrolone decanoate,17β-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one 17-decanoate, has been used inthe management of certain anemias, but the availability oferythropoietin has greatly reduced this use.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Compared to testosterone propionate, nandrolone decanoate is considered to have strong anabolic effects but weak androgenic effects (potency ratios of 3.29–4.92 and 0.31–0.41).  In particular, nandrolone esters are thought to have the highest ratio of anabolic to androgenic effects of any AAS. The low androgenicity of nandrolone decanoate is thought to be due to the fact that nandrolone is inactivated by 5α-reductase via transformation into the low-affinity androgen receptor (AR) ligand 5α-dihydronandrolone. This is thought to result in a lower incidence and magnitude of side effects.Nandrolone decanoate (ND) injection has been classified as a Schedule III controlled substance under the Anabolic Steroids Control Act of 1990. Due to serious health risks, the nonmedical use of AASs is banned by most sports organizations[1].    

Pharmacokinetics

Nandrolone decanoate is an alkylated anabolic steroid indicated in the management of anemia of renal insufficiency and as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis. It has a long duration of action as it is given every 3-4 weeks, and a wide therapeutic window as acute overdoses are rare. Patients should be counselled regarding the risks of giving this drug to patients with cardiac, renal, or hepatic diseases.

Side Effects

There are many effects of this drug on the human body, and the studies of its side effects can be divided into the following: categories endocrine, cardiovascular, skin, psychiatric, musculoskeletal, excretory, and gastrointestinal disorders.

The most common side effects were: endocrine disorders (virilization, gynecomastia, hormonal disorders, cholesterol and lipid disorders, genital and infertility issues); cardiovascular disorders (vascular damage, coagulation disorders, arteriosus hypertension); skin disorders (pricking, acne, skin spots); psychiatric disorders (aggressiveness, mood disorders, sleep disorders, anxiety); musculoskeletal disorders (tendon ruptures); excretory disorders (organ damage); gastrointestinal disorders (organ damage and liver adenomas); neurological disorders (seizures); immune disorders (chronic infection relapse; respiratory disorders (sleep apnea syndrome); genetic disorders (genetic damage)[1].

Safety Profile

Experimental reproductiveeffects. When heated to decomposition it emits acridsmoke and irritating fumes.

Veterinary Drugs and Treatments

The principle use of nandrolone in veterinary medicine has been to stimulate erythropoiesis in patients with certain anemias (e.g., secondary to renal failure, aplastic anemias). It has also been suggested for use as an appetite stimulant.

Metabolism

Nandrolone decanoate is hydrolyzed to nandrolone, possibly by PDE7B. Nandrolone is further metabolized to the urinary metabolites 19-norandrosterone, 19-noretiocholanolone, and 19-norepiandrosterone. 19-norandrosterone is 3-O-glucuronidated by UGT2B7, UGT 1A4, UGT2B4, UGT1A3, and UGT1A1. 19-noretiocholanolone is 3-O-glucuronidated by UGT2B7, UGT2B4, UGT1A4, UGT1A10, UGT1A3, and UGT1A1.