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lead oxide

Synonym(s):Lead oxide, red;Lead(II,IV) oxide;Minium;Red lead oxide;Trilead tetraoxide

  • CAS NO.:1314-41-6
  • Empirical Formula: O4Pb3
  • Molecular Weight: 685.6
  • MDL number: MFCD00078491
  • EINECS: 215-235-6
  • SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)
  • Update Date: 2024-10-28 16:48:35
lead oxide Structural

What is lead oxide?

Description

Lead oxide, a range of products that is formed by the oxidation of Lead in the forms of liquid and solid. Lead oxides are basically an oxide’s family varying in color (grey/green, red, and yellow), in degree of oxidation (PbO, Pb3O4, PbO2) and in crystal structure (in forms of PbO, orthogonal and tetragonal).
Lead oxide is a term that can be either Lead monoxide or litharge Lead tetroxide or Red Lead or Gray or Black oxide which is a mixture of 30 percent metallic Lead and 70 percent Lead monoxide. Black Lead is made for specific use in Lead acid storage batteries manufacturing. Due to large use in the Lead acid battery industry, Lead monoxide is one of the most important compounds of Lead, based on volume. Due to its electrical and electronic properties, litharge is also used in various components for different types of use like capacitors, electro photographic plates, and Video tubes, even in ferromagnetic and ferroelectric materials. Their wide range of chemical and physical properties, Lead oxides have been know and used worldwide since before the ancient Romans.

Chemical properties

red to orange powder

The Uses of lead oxide

Plasters and ointments; manufacture of colorless glass; glaze for faience; flux for porcelain painting, protective paint for iron and steel; oil-color for ship paints, varnishes; coloring rubber; cement for glass, gas and steam pipes; storage batteries; pencils for writing on glass; manufacture of lead peroxide, matches.

The Uses of lead oxide

Red lead (Pb3O4) is a brilliant red-orange colored synthetic inorganic pigment used mainly as a protective priming coat for steel work rather than a coloring pigment in paints. The toxic nature of this pigment restricts its use in modern coating systems.

The Uses of lead oxide

Lead(II,IV) oxide is used to prepare colorless glass, faience glaze, porcelain painting flux, iron and steel coatings, rubber pigment and in glass cement. It is also used in gas and steam pipes, storage batteries, writing on glass and to make lead peroxide and matches. It is associated with linseed oil and used as a thick, long-lasting anti-corrosive paint. It gives better water resistant properties by replacing magnesium oxide. Further, it is used in the manufacture of lead glass and rustproof primer paints. In addition to this, it acts as a pigment for primer paints for iron objects.

Definition

Natural red oxide of lead.

Production Methods

Lead(IV) oxide, Pb2O, is obtained by action of chlorine on alkaline solutions of lead(II) oxide or acetate. The reaction is Pb(OH)3-+ ClO- → PbO2 + Cl- + OH- + H2O·PbO2 can also be produced on a lead or platinum anode by electrolysis in acidic solution.

brand name

Hiroval;Wndomethasone.

World Health Organization (WHO)

Lead oxides and other lead salts were formerly available in topical preparations which had soothing astringent properties. The toxicity of lead salts by inhalation, ingestion and percutaneous absorption is now conclusively established and the medicinal use of preparations containing lead salts is no longer permitted in many countries.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Industrial uses

Lead oxide is used quite extensively in optical glass, electrical glass, and tableware. It increases the density and refractive index of glass. In addition, it can be cut more easily than other glasses and has superior brilliance, both of which make it good for cut glass.
Lead glasses may be formulated with a wide variety of electrical and acid-resisting characteristics; desirable properties, such as weather resistance, electrical resistivity, etc., will depend upon the total composition of the glass.

Properties of lead oxide

Melting point: 500 °C
Boiling point: 800°C
Density  9,1 g/cm3
vapor pressure  10 mm Hg ( 0 °C)
solubility  insoluble in H2O, ethanol; soluble in hotHCl
form  red powder
color  Orange
Water Solubility  Soluble in hydrochloric acid, glacial acetic acid and nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Insoluble in water and alcohol.
Merck  14,5425
Dielectric constant 25.9(0.0℃)
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 0.05 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 0.050 mg/m3
Stability: Stable. May react vigorously with reducing agents.
CAS DataBase Reference 1314-41-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference Lead(ii,iv) oxide(1314-41-6)
EPA Substance Registry System Lead tetraoxide (1314-41-6)

Safety information for lead oxide

Signal word Danger
Pictogram(s)
ghs
Flame Over Circle
Oxidizers
GHS03
ghs
Exclamation Mark
Irritant
GHS07
ghs
Health Hazard
GHS08
ghs
Environment
GHS09
GHS Hazard Statements H272:Oxidising liquids;Oxidising solids
H351:Carcinogenicity
H360:Reproductive toxicity
H372:Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure
H410:Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard
Precautionary Statement Codes P202:Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P210:Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.
P273:Avoid release to the environment.
P301+P312:IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.
P308+P313:IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.

Computed Descriptors for lead oxide

InChIKey XMFOQHDPRMAJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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