Contact us: +91 9550333722 040 - 40102781
Structured search
India
Choose your country
Different countries will display different contents
Try our best to find the right business for you.
My chemicalbook

Welcome back!

HomeProduct name listEthyl chloroformate

Ethyl chloroformate

Synonym(s):Chloroformic acid ethyl ester

  • CAS NO.:541-41-3
  • Empirical Formula: C3H5ClO2
  • Molecular Weight: 108.52
  • MDL number: MFCD00000644
  • EINECS: 208-778-5
  • SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)
  • Update Date: 2024-12-18 14:15:32
Ethyl chloroformate Structural

What is Ethyl chloroformate?

Chemical properties

Ethyl chloroformate is a colorless to light yellow liquid that is corrosive and flammable. It is prepared from phosgene and ethanol. It has a sharp pungent odor, like hydrochloric acid, and it decomposes in water. It is miscible with alcohol, benzene, chloroform, and ether.

The Uses of Ethyl chloroformate

Ethyl chloroformate (chloroformic acid ethyl ester) is used as a solvent in the photographic industry, and as a chemical intermediate in the production of various carbamates, and used in synthesis of dyes, drugs, veterinary medicines, herbicides, and insecticides. It is also used in the production of flotation agents for ores, as a stabilizer for PVC, and in the production of modified penicillins and heterocyclic compounds (Gerhartz, 1985).
Cathyl Chloride is used in the preparation of new inhibitors for β-homocysteine S-methyltransferase. Also used in the synthesis of a hexosaminidase inhibitor.

Preparation

Ethyl chloroformate was used in the synthesis of nitrile oxides. It can be obtained synthetically by the reaction between phosgene and anhydrous ethanol.
Ethyl chloroformate is chlorinated in the rectifying zone of a distillation reactor to produce 1-chloroethyl chloroformate and 2-chloroethyl chloroformate.

General Description

A colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Flash point 66°F. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Vapors are heavier than air. Prolonged exposure to low concentrations or short exposure to high concentrations may have adverse health effects from inhalation.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Emits fumes containing HCl on contact with moist air. Decomposes exothermically but slowly in water.

Reactivity Profile

Ethyl chloroformate decomposes slowly in water to form ethanol, HCl, and CO2 Attacks many metals especially in humid atmosphere [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 476]. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].

Health Hazard

Inhalation causes mucous membrane irritation, coughing, and sneezing. Vapor causes severe lachrymation; liquid causes acid-type burns of eyes and skin, like those of hydrochloric acid. Ingestion causes severe burns of mouth and stomach.

Fire Hazard

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic chlorine and phosgene gases may be formed in fires.

Flammability and Explosibility

Highly flammable

Chemical Reactivity

Reactivity with Water: Slow reaction with water, evolving hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid); Reactivity with Common Materials: Slow evolution of hydrogen chloride from surface moisture reaction can cause slow corrosion; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Flush with water, rinse with sodium bicarbonate or lime solution; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion, inhalation, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by skin contact. Corrosive. An eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidzing materials. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. To fight fire, use CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of Cl-.

Potential Exposure

Heavily used in industry for various processes; in ore processing, photography, making other chemicals including amines, carbamates, isocyanates; polymers, diethyl carbonate; nitriles, etc.

Shipping

UN1182 Ethyl chloroformate, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard, 3-Flammable liquid, 8-Corrosive material Inhalation Hazard Zone B

Purification Methods

Wash the ester several times with water, redistil it using an efficient fractionating column at atmospheric pressure and a CaCl2 guard tube to keep free from moisture [Hamilton & Sly J Am Chem Soc 47 435 1925, Saunders et al. J Am Chem Soc 73 3796 1951]. [Beilstein 3 IV 23.] LACHRYMATORY AND TOXIC.

Incompatibilities

Highly flammable; Vapors may form explosive mixture with air. Emits fumes containing HCl on contact with moist air. Decomposes exothermically but slowly in water. Ethyl chloroformate decomposes slowly in water forming ethanol, hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide. May react vigorously, possibly explosively, if mixed with di-isopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts. Reacts with acids, alkalies, amines, alcohols, oxidizers and water. Corrosive to metals especially in the presence of moisture.

Waste Disposal

Use a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices

Properties of Ethyl chloroformate

Melting point: -81 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 93 °C (lit.)
Density  1.135 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density  3.74 (vs air)
vapor pressure  3.42 psi ( 20 °C)
refractive index  n20/D 1.395(lit.)
Flash point: 57 °F
storage temp.  2-8°C
solubility  Chloroform (Soluble), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
appearance Clear liquid
form  Liquid
color  White to off-white
Odor Irritating; sharp, like hydrochloric acid.
Water Solubility  decomposes
Sensitive  Moisture Sensitive
Merck  14,3784
BRN  385653
Dielectric constant 11.3(20℃)
Stability: Moisture Sensitive
CAS DataBase Reference 541-41-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference Carbonochloridic acid, ethyl ester(541-41-3)
EPA Substance Registry System Ethyl chloroformate (541-41-3)

Safety information for Ethyl chloroformate

Signal word Danger
Pictogram(s)
ghs
Flame
Flammables
GHS02
ghs
Corrosion
Corrosives
GHS05
ghs
Skull and Crossbones
Acute Toxicity
GHS06
GHS Hazard Statements H225:Flammable liquids
H290:Corrosive to Metals
H302:Acute toxicity,oral
H314:Skin corrosion/irritation
H330:Acute toxicity,inhalation
Precautionary Statement Codes P210:Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.
P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P301+P312:IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.
P303+P361+P353:IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P305+P351+P338:IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

Computed Descriptors for Ethyl chloroformate

Related products of tetrahydrofuran

You may like

Statement: All products displayed on this website are only used for non medical purposes such as industrial applications or scientific research, and cannot be used for clinical diagnosis or treatment of humans or animals. They are not medicinal or edible.