EDTA calcium disodium

Absorption

Calcium edetate disodium's Cmax and AUC are dependant on renal function. 5% of an oral dose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Toxicity

Patients experiencing an overdose may present with similar symptoms to severe lead poisoning such as cerebral edema and renal tubular necrosis. Overdose can be managed through the administration of mannitol, zinc level monitoring, and maintenance of urinary output.

Chemical properties

white powder

The Uses of EDTA calcium disodium

EDTA calcium disodium is a sequestrant and chelating agent whose complete name is disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate. It is a nonhygroscopic powder that is colorless, odorless, and tasteless at recommended use levels. A 1% solution has a ph of 6.5–7.5. It is used to control the reaction of trace metals with some organic and inorganic components in food; to prevent deterioration of color, texture, and development of precipitates; and to prevent oxidation. Its function is comparable to that of disodium dihydrogen edta. It is also termed calcium disodium edta.

The Uses of EDTA calcium disodium

Chelating agent (metal).

The Uses of EDTA calcium disodium

Used to eliminate enzyme inhibition by traces of heavy metals, and to inhibit enzymes that require divalent cations as cofactors. As this form is already chelated with Ca²⁺, it is selective for divalent cations with greater affinity for EDTA, which it will exchange for Ca²⁺.

Indications

Edetate calcium disodium is indicated to reduce blood levels and depot stores of lead in acute and chronic lead poisoning.

Background

Edetate calcium disodium is a metal ion chelator used to reduce blood concentrations and depot stores of lead from the body. It is on the World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines.
Edetate calcium disodium was granted FDA approval on 16 July 1953.

Definition

ChEBI: EDTA monocalcium diisodium salt is an organic calcium salt of EDTA diisodium. It is a chelating agent that is used for the treatment of lead poisoning. It has a role as a geroprotector, a chelator and an antidote. It contains an EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous).

brand name

Calcium Disodium Versenate (3M Pharmaceuticals).

Pharmaceutical Applications

Calcium disodium edetate, also referred to as calcium sodium EDTA, stands for the chemical compound 2,2 ,2 ,2 -(ethane-1,2-diyldinitrilo)tetraacetic acid, which is a synthetic amino acid. Edetate refers to the calcium disodium salt of the chelating agent with the formula (HO₂CCH₂)₂NCH₂CH₂N(CH₂CO₂H)₂. In the United States, it is found under the name calcium disodium versenate. Edetate is mainly used to complex di and trivalent metal ions. Edetate can bind to metals via the four carboxylate and two amine groups, and it forms specially strong complexes with Co(III), Cu(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III). Dimercaprol (BAL, British anti-Lewisite), calcium disodium edetate and penicillamine are the three most common chelating agents used in the treatment of heavy-metal poisoning.

Pharmacokinetics

Edetate calcium disodium is a polyvalent ion chelator used to remove lead from the body after lead poisoning. It has a wide therapeutic index, as overdoses must be well in excess of the therapeutic dose to show symptoms. It has a long duration of action, as doses are given at least a day apart. Patients should be counselled regarding the risk of increased intracranial pressure with intravenous infusions.

Metabolism

Edetate calcium disodium is almost completely unmetabolized in vivo.