Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

Absorption

Poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Well absorbed following intramuscular injection.

Toxicity

Inadvertent administration of 5 times the recommended dose, infused intravenously over a 24 hour period, to an asymptomatic 16 month old patient with a blood lead content of 56 mcg/dl did not cause any ill effects. Edetate calcium disodium can aggravate the symptoms of severe lead poisoning, therefore, most toxic effects (cerebral edema, renal tubular necrosis) appear to be associated with lead poisoning. Because of cerebral edema, a therapeutic dose may be lethal to an adult or a pediatric patient with lead encephalopathy. Higher dosage of edetate calcium disodium may produce a more severe zinc deficiency.

Description

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) is a common polydentate ligand. In EDTA, the hydrogen atoms are easily removed in solution to produce anionic EDTA4-. In its anionic form Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) has six binding atoms, two nitrogen and four oxygen.
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) binds to a metal ion at the six binding sites, wrapping itself around the metal ion, forming a very stable complex.the strong grasp of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) on the metal ion is analogous to a crab or lobster clamping down on an object with its claw, hence the name chelation. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) is such an effective chelating agent because it can deactivate a metal at up to six sites.

The Uses of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

EDTA, also known as editic acid, is a colorless crystalline substance widely used to chelate metal ions.
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) is marketed in its salt forms such as sodium Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) or calcium EDTA. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) hasindustrial and medical uses as a chelating agent. Much of its utility is related to the fact that metals and metal compounds are important catalysts in numerous reactions. By chelatingmetals, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) prevents the metal from catalyzing reactions, thereby limiting degradation, oxidation,and other undesirable reactions.the major industries using Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) and other chelatingagents are paper and pulp, cleaning products, chemicals, agriculture, and water treatment.The paper and pulp industry is the major user of EDTA, where it is used to stabilize bleachesby sequestering metals that catalyze the degradation of bleaches. EDTA’s ability to stabilizebleaches also makes them useful in laundry detergents and various other cleaning products.In addition to improving bleaching effi ciency, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) use in detergents and cleansers alsosoftens hard water by tying up divalent metal ions responsible for water hardness, primarilyCa2+ and Mg2+. Its softening ability helps Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) reduce scale formation and improves foamingproperties in cleaning formulations. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) is applied in general water treatment to softenwater, helping to prevent scale and corrosion. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) has low toxicity and is used in the foodand beverage industry. Foods naturally contain small traces of metals and small quantities areadded during food processing. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) is used with foods to preserve color and preserve flavor,prevent odors, maintain nutrient content, and extend shelf life. When used in beverages,Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) preserves color and stabilizes other ingredients such as citric acid and benzoates. In thechemical industry, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) is used to control metal catalytic processes during reactions. EDTAsalts are used in agriculture to provide metal micronutrients in fertilizers.

Background

A chelating agent (chelating agents) that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.

Indications

For the reduction of blood levels and depot stores of lead in lead poisoning (acute and chronic) and lead encephalopathy, in both pediatric populations and adults.

What are the applications of Application

EDTA, 0.5 M, pH 8.0 is a sterile-filtered solution of 0.5 M EDTA in H2O treated with DEPC, for use in molecular biology applications

Pharmacokinetics

Edetate calcium is a heavy metal chelating agent. The calcium in edetate calcium can be displaced by divalent or trivalent metals to form a stable water soluble complex that can be excreted in the urine. In theory, 1 g of edetate calcium can theoretically bind 620 mg of lead, but in reality only about 5 mg per gram is actually excreted into the urine in lead poisoned patients. In addition to chelating lead, edetate calcium also chelates and eliminates zinc from the body. Edetate calcium also binds cadmium, copper, iron and manganese, but to a much lesser extent than either lead or zinc. Edetate calcium is relatively ineffective for use in treating mercury, gold or arsenic poisoning.

Metabolism

Almost none of the compound is metabolized.