Crotamiton
Synonym(s):N-Ethyl-N-(2-methylphenyl)-2-butenamide;N-Ethyl-o-crotonotoluidide;Crotamiton
- CAS NO.:483-63-6
- Empirical Formula: C13H17NO
- Molecular Weight: 203.28
- MDL number: MFCD00026989
- EINECS: 207-596-3
- SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)
- Update Date: 2024-11-05 11:59:05
What is Crotamiton?
Absorption
10 % absorbed when applied locally.
Description
Crotamiton is available as a 10% cream for the treatment of scabies, although it is less effective than pyrethrins or permethrin. Because crotamiton may need to be applied a second time for successful treatment of scabies but the pyrethrins or permethrin require a single application, poor patient compliance with crotamiton may reduce its effectiveness. The advantage of crotamiton over lindane comes from the fact that lindane has potential neurotoxicity if absorbed especially in infants and children, whereas crotamiton has less systemic neurotoxicity.
Description
Crotamiton is an ectoparasiticide and antipruritic agent. It blocks the mouse transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel expressed in HEK293 cells in a calcium-dependent manner (IC50s = 223.5 and 15.5 μM in buffer containing 0 and 2 mM calcium, respectively). It inhibits scratching behavior in mice induced by the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A . Topical application of crotamiton (0.025 g of a 10% ointment) also inhibits scratching behavior in mice induced by histamine, serotonin , and the proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) agonist SLIGRL-NH2 . Formulations containing crotamiton have been used to eradicate scabies and in the treatment of symptomatic pruritic skin.
Chemical properties
N-Ethyl-o-crotonotoluidide is colourless or pale yellow, oily liquid
Originator
Eurax,Ciba Geigy,France,1949
The Uses of Crotamiton
Fungicide, insecticide.
The Uses of Crotamiton
N-Ethyl-o-crotonotoluidide (Crotamiton) was used to treat scabies and various pruritic dermatoses.
The Uses of Crotamiton
antipruritic, scabicide
Definition
ChEBI: The amide resulting from the formal condensation of crotonic acid with N-ethyl-2-methylaniline. A colourless or pale yellow oily liquid, it is used in the treatment of pruritus (itching) by producing a counter-irritation: as it evaporate from the skin, it produces a cooling effect that diverts attention away from the itching. It has also been used as an acaricide in the treatment of scabies, though more effective drugs are usually preferred.
Background
Crotamiton is a scabicidal and antipruritic agent available as a cream or lotion for topical use only. It is a colorless to slightly yellowish oil, having a faint amine-like odor. It is miscible with alcohol and with methanol.
What are the applications of Application
Crotamiton is an antipruritic with antibacterial properties
Indications
For eradication of scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei) and for symptomatic treatment of pruritic skin.
Indications
Crotamiton (N-ethyl-o-crotonotoluide, Eurax) is a synthetic chloroformate salt used
for the prevention and treatment of scabies, although cure rates tend to be lower
for the same number of applications compared with lindane and permethrin. It may
have an antipruritic effect independent of its scabetic effect. Its mechanism of action
is unknown. It is not effective as a pediculicide.
Crotamiton (10% N-ethyl-o-crotonotoluide, Eurax) cream applied twice and
left on during a 48-hour period is usually effective against scabies and has been
reported to act as an antipruritic agent.
Manufacturing Process
10.5 parts of crotonyl chloride are dropped in such a manner into 27 parts of N-ethyl-o-toluidine, white stirring, that the temperature rises to 130° to 140°C. After cooling, the reaction product is dissolved in ether or other solvent that is immiscible with water, and the solution is washed successively with hydrochloric acid, alkali solution and water. After distilling off the solvent, the residue is distilled in vacuo. The crotonic acid N-ethyl-o-toluidide boils at 153° to 155°C at a pressure of 13 mm and is a slightly yellowish oil. Instead of carrying the reaction out in the presence of an excess of N-ethyl-otoluidine, it may be carried out in the presence of an acid-combining agent, for example, potash, advantageously in a solvent (e.g., acetone).
brand name
Eurax (Westwood-Squibb).
Therapeutic Function
Scabicide
Pharmacokinetics
Crotamiton is usually used to treat pruritis (itching of the skin) caused by scabies or sunburn. Crotamiton relieves itching by producing what is called a counter-irritation. As crotamiton evaporates from the skin, it produces a cooling effect. This cooling effect helps to divert your body's attention away from the itching. Due to this cooling effect it is also effective for the relief of sunburn. The drug is also believed to kill scabies through an unknown mechanism.
Clinical Use
N-Ethyl-N-(2-methylphenyl)-2-butenamide, or N-ethyl-ocrotonotoluidide(Eurax), is a colorless, odorless oily liquid.It is virtually insoluble in water but soluble in most organicsolvents.
Crotamiton is available in 10% concentration in a lotionand a cream intended for the topical treatment of scabies. Its antipruritic effect is probably because of a local anestheticaction.
Side Effects
The most common side effect reported for crotamiton is skin irritation.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
Crotamiton is a topical miticide/scabicide and has been used primarily for adjunctive treatment (with ivermectin) for treating mite infections (e.g., Knemidopkoptes) in birds. Crotamiton has both miticidal and antipruritic actions, but the mechanism for each is not known.
Metabolism
Not Available
Properties of Crotamiton
Melting point: | 25°C |
Boiling point: | 153-155 °C/13 mmHg (lit.) |
Density | 0.987 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
refractive index | n |
Flash point: | >230 °F |
storage temp. | 2-8°C |
solubility | ethanol: soluble |
form | neat |
pka | 1.14±0.50(Predicted) |
form | <25°C Solid,>25°C Liquid |
color | Colourless to Light Brown |
Water Solubility | Soluble in water (1:500), alcohol, methanol, ether, and ethanol. |
Merck | 13,2622 |
Stability: | Light Sensitive |
CAS DataBase Reference | 483-63-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Crotamiton(483-63-6) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Crotamiton (483-63-6) |
Safety information for Crotamiton
Signal word | Warning |
Pictogram(s) |
Exclamation Mark Irritant GHS07 |
GHS Hazard Statements |
H302:Acute toxicity,oral |
Precautionary Statement Codes |
P264:Wash hands thoroughly after handling. P264:Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P270:Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P301+P312:IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell. P501:Dispose of contents/container to..… |
Computed Descriptors for Crotamiton
InChIKey | DNTGGZPQPQTDQF-XBXARRHUSA-N |
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