Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane

Chemical properties

White, crystalline solid. PH (0.1M aqueous solution) 10.6, corrosive to copper, brass, aluminum. Solubility in water 80 g/100 cc (20C). Combustible.

Originator

Trisaminol,Bellon,France,1964

The Uses of Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane

In the synthesis of surface-active agents, vulcanization accelerators, pharmaceuticals. As emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, leather dressings, textile specialties, polishes, cleaning Compounds, so-called soluble oils. Absorbent for acidic gases. Biological buffer.

The Uses of Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane

tromethamine can help mask odor in a formulation. It is also used as a buffer, keeping product pH stable.

The Uses of Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane

Tris base has been used:

• In the preparation of TAE buffer for TAE agarose gel used to run PCR products by gel electrophoresis
• As a component of sample buffer for SDS-PAGE
• In the preparation of IEC (ion-exchange chromatography) buffer

Background

An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)

Indications

For the prevention and correction of metabolic acidosis.

What are the applications of Application

Tris Base solution is a high-quality 1.5 M buffer solution containing 0.05% sodium azide as a preservative

What are the applications of Application

Tris base is widely used as a biological buffer or as a component of buffer formulations. Tris base has buffering capabilities in the pH range of 7.0-9.0.

What are the applications of Application

Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane is mainly required for preparation of buffers at physiological range of 7.3 to 7.5. The prepared buffers are compatible with biological fluids. It is of importance to laboratories as a standard pH solution.
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane has been used as a buffer solution for lactate dehydrogenase assay, in situ hybridization procedure and protein extraction from cells.
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane is used as a buffer in biochemistry and molecular biology laboratories. It is used as a primary standard to standardize acid solutions for chemical analysis. It finds application in cell membranes to increase permeability. As an alternative to sodium bicarbonate, it used in the treatment of metabolic acidosis. It acts as a precursor for the preparation of polymers, oxazolones and oxazolidines.

Preparation

Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane is prepared industrially by the exhaustive condensation of nitromethane with formaldehyde under basic conditions (i.e. repeated Henry reactions) to produce the intermediate (HOCH2)3CNO2, which is subsequently hydrogenated to give the final product.

Definition

ChEBI: Tris is a primary amino compound that is tert-butylamine in which one hydrogen attached to each methyl group is replaced by a hydroxy group. A compound widely used as a biological buffer substance in the pH range 7--9; pKa = 8.3 at 20 ℃; pKa = 7.82 at 37 ℃. It has a role as a buffer. It is a triol and a primary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a member of Htris.

Manufacturing Process

Nitromethane is reacted with formaldehyde to give tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane in an initial step. This intermediate may be reduced by catalytic hydrogenation (US Patent 2,174,242) or by electrolytic reduction (US Patent 2,485,982).

brand name

Tham (Hospira).

Therapeutic Function

Antacid

General Description

Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane is an established basimetric standard and buffer used in biochemistry and molecular biology. It may be used by itself as a buffer or as a component of mixed buffer formulations, such as Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer, Tris-acetate-EDTA (TAE) buffer, Tris-borate-EDTA (TBE) buffer, etc. It is pure, essentially stable, relatively non-hygroscopic and has a high equivalent weight.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Trizma base, commonly known as tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane is widely used as a biological buffer or as a component of buffer formulations like- Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer, Tris magnesium buffer or Tris-acetate-EDTA (TAE) buffer. It enhances the membrane permeability of cell membranes.

Metabolism

Not Available

storage

Store at RT

Purification Methods

Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane can ordinarily be obtained in highly pure form suitable for use as an acidimetric standard. If only impure material is available, it should be crystallised from 20% EtOH, aqueous MeOH (m 171.1o) or isopropanol (m 172-173o). Dry it in a vacuum desiccator over P2O5 or CaCl2. Alternatively, it is dissolved in twice its weight of water at 55-60o, filtered, concentrated to half its volume and poured slowly, with stirring, into about twice its volume of EtOH. The crystals which separate on cooling to 3-4o are filtered off, washed with a little MeOH, air dried by suction, then finally ground and dried in a vacuum desiccator over P2O5. It has also been recrystallised from water, MeOH or aqueous MeOH, and vacuum dried at 80o for 2 days. [Beilstein 4 H 303, 4 III 857, 4 IV 1903.]