Terpineol

Description

Terpineol is a monoterpene alcohol that has been found in a variety of plants, including Cannabis, and has diverse biological activities. Terpineol contains the four isomers α-, β-, and γ-terpineol and terpinen-4-ol. α-Terpineol has antibacterial and antinociceptive properties. It is active against a variety of periodontopathic and cariogenic bacteria, including strains of P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, and A. actinomycetemcomitans (MICs = 0.1-0.8 mg/ml), however, it is toxic to KB cells when used at a concentration of 0.8 mg/ml. It also reduces mechanical hyperalgesia, as well as spontaneous and palpation-induced nociception, in a mouse model of cancer-induced pain beginning on day 5 when administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg per day. Terpinen-4-ol has anticonvulsant properties, inhibiting pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice when used at doses ranging from 50 to 200 mg/kg. α-Terpineol and terpinen-4-ol also have anti-inflammatory properties, reducing LPS-induced production of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, but not TNF-α, in U937 cells. This product is a mixture of α-, β-, and γ-terpineol.

Chemical properties

It appears as colorless liquid or low-melting transparent crystal with a clove flavor. 1 part of terpineol can be dissolved in 2 parts (volume) of 70% ethanol solution, being slightly soluble in water and glycerol.

Occurrence

Reported to be found in more than 200 derivatives from leaves, herbs and flowers [Fenaroli 's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, 1971 ; Gildemeister & Hoffman, 1962).

The Uses of Terpineol

Terpineol is a monoterpene alcohol with potential antifungal, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. This product is a mixture of isomers.

The Uses of Terpineol

Solvent for hydrocarbon materials, mutual solvent for resins and cellulose esters and ethers, perfumes, soaps, disinfectant, antioxidant, flavoring agent.

Preparation

From terpin hydrate by the splitting off of the elements of water by chemical means (Bedoukian, 1967).

Definition

ChEBI: Alpha-terpineol is a terpineol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl group at position 2. It has a role as a plant metabolite.

General Description

α-Terpineol is a cyclic monoterpene. It is one of the major monoterpenol component of the cultivar Gewürztraminer and other aroma-rich grape varieties. α-Terpineol, a monoterpenoid alcohol, has been investigated for its anticonvulsant activity. It was one of the insecticidal constituent of the essential oils of Dahlia pinnata.FCC includes the following isomers in the listed purity: alpha-, (E)-beta, (Z)-beta, gamma-, terpinen-4-ol, and terpinen-1-ol.