PYRITHIOXIN

Description

Pyritinol, the disulfide of pyridoxine-5-thiol, is marketed as a cerebral stimulant in Europe. Both the thiol and the disulfide have been shown to have d-penicillamine-like activity in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Adverse effects are similar to those seen with d-penicillamine. Occasionally, pyritinol seems effective and better tolerated in some individuals who fail to respond to d-penicillamine.

The Uses of PYRITHIOXIN

Pyritinol can be used as a nootropic used in the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.

The Uses of PYRITHIOXIN

cognition enhancer, nootropic

Definition

ChEBI: Pyritinol is a member of methylpyridines.

brand name

Biontabol;Bonifwn;Cefalogen;Cerebrotrofina;Cervitalin;Divalvon-d;Enbol;Encefort;Encerbrovit;Encerebron;Fulneurina;Geribolina;Gerontabol comp.;Juniormen;Leonar;Logos;Maind;Musa;Neuroxin;Piriditol;Piririomin;Piritinol;Piritiomin;Plenumil;Sawaxin;Scintidin;Tibased;Tomevit;Tonobrein;Tonomentis.

World Health Organization (WHO)

Pyritinol, which is claimed to promote the uptake of glucose in the brain, is used in the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders. However, WHO is not aware of controlled experimental data to show that it has any therapeutic effect.

Synthesis

Synthesis: treatment of pyridoxine with hydrobromic acid gives 4,5-bis(bromomethyl)-3- hydroxy-2-methylpyridinium bromide, which when treated in the cold with potassium ethyl xanthate gives ethyl 4-hydroxymethyl- 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-pyridyl methylxanthate. Hydrolysis and oxidation are carried out in aqueous-alcoholic ammonia to give the disulfide pyritinol.