Nile Red
Synonym(s):Nile Blue A Oxazone
- CAS NO.:7385-67-3
- Empirical Formula: C20H18N2O2
- Molecular Weight: 318.37
- MDL number: MFCD00011639
- EINECS: 230-966-0
- SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)
- Update Date: 2024-11-01 14:32:37
What is Nile Red ?
Description
Nile red is a dye based on the benzo[a]phenoxazine core. Nile Red (9-diethylbenzo[a]phenoxazin-5- one) stands out as electrically neutral and water-insoluble since it features a carbonyl group at the 5-position that readily accepts the electron density. This makes it a strong push?pull chromophore, which underlies its distinct solvatochromicity and ability to indicate, e.g., cellular events in live-cell imaging. In addition, Nile Red’s inherent lipophilicity, near-infrared (NIR) emission, large Stokes shift, two-photon absorptivity (2PA), and low background fluorescence (as the luminosity is quenched in aqueous (aq) media) render it a near-ideal histochemical stain for studying membranes and lipid droplets in cells. The increase of its exquisite solvent sensitivity and steep emission in hydrophobic environments has also been employed in various forms of stochastic super-resolution localization microscopy[1].
Chemical properties
solid
The Uses of Nile Red
Nile red is a lipophilic stain. Nile red stains intracellular lipid droplets. Nile red is also intensely fluorescent, with a strong yellow-gold emission if included into a lipid-rich environment.
The Uses of Nile Red
Nile Red is a photostable, lipophilic stain with bright red fluorescence. Dyes and metabolites.
What are the applications of Application
Nile Red is a photostable, lipophilic stain with bright red fluorescence that has been used stain cell structures to visualize and localize colloidal drug carriers.
Definition
ChEBI: An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one substituted at position 9 by a diethylamino group.
General Description
Nile Red is an uncharged hydrophobic molecule and a benzophenoxazone dye. It functions as a fluorescent probe for intracellular lipids and hydrophobic domains of proteins. This dye is fluorescent in all organic solvents. Its fluorescence colors range from golden yellow to deep red.
Synthesis
Using the 1,3-Naphthalenediol Approach to synthsis Nile red. To a solution of 1,3-naphthalenediol (0.50 g, 3.12 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (25 mL) was added 4-nitroso-N,N-diethylaniline (0.56 g, 3.12 mmol). This reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C (DrySyn heating block) for 16 h and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (0?50% EtOAc in hexanes) to obtain Nile Red, which crystallized from hexanes in green crystals (0.80 g, 2.50 mmol). Yield: 80%[1].
storage
Room temperature
References
[1] Mick Hornum*. “Substituted 9-Diethylaminobenzo[a]phenoxazin-5-ones (Nile Red Analogues): Synthesis and Photophysical Properties.” The Journal of Organic Chemistry 86 2 (2020): 1471–1488.
Properties of Nile Red
Melting point: | 203-205 °C(lit.) |
Boiling point: | 457.53°C (rough estimate) |
Density | 1.1871 (rough estimate) |
refractive index | 1.5700 (estimate) |
storage temp. | 2-8°C |
solubility | methanol: soluble1mg/mL |
form | Powder |
pka | 4.08±0.20(Predicted) |
color | Dark red to maroon |
BRN | 279110 |
Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
InChI | InChI=1S/C20H18N2O2/c1-3-22(4-2)13-9-10-16-18(11-13)24-19-12-17(23)14-7-5-6-8-15(14)20(19)21-16/h5-12H,3-4H2,1-2H3 |
CAS DataBase Reference | 7385-67-3(CAS DataBase Reference) |
EPA Substance Registry System | 5H-Benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one, 9-(diethylamino)- (7385-67-3) |
Safety information for Nile Red
Signal word | Warning |
Pictogram(s) |
Exclamation Mark Irritant GHS07 |
GHS Hazard Statements |
H302:Acute toxicity,oral H315:Skin corrosion/irritation H319:Serious eye damage/eye irritation H335:Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure;Respiratory tract irritation |
Precautionary Statement Codes |
P261:Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301+P312:IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell. P302+P352:IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water. P305+P351+P338:IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing. |
Computed Descriptors for Nile Red
InChIKey | VOFUROIFQGPCGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
SMILES | C12=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C=C1C2=NC2=C(C=C(N(CC)CC)C=C2)O1 |
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