4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine

Chemical properties

This substance is an orange-red powder that can be dissolved in ethanol, acetone, and hydrochloric acid solution, but is not soluble in water.

The Uses of 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine

4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine is used to study the in vitro activation of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine into a potent mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98

The Uses of 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine

4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine was used to study the in vitro activation of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine into a potent mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 .

What are the applications of Application

4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine is direct-acting mutagen

Definition

ChEBI: 4-nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine is the primary amino compound that is 1,2-phenylenediamine (o-phenylenediamine) substituted at the 4- (para-) position by a nitro group. It is a primary amino compound and a C-nitro compound. It is functionally related to a 1,2-phenylenediamine.

Production Methods

Commercial production of 4-nitro-o-PDA was first reported in the United States in 1946. Two U.S. companies were reported to produce undisclosed amounts of the chemical in 1975. U.S. imports of 4-nitro-o-PDA were reported to be about 1900 kg in 1973 and 1100 kg in 1975. 4-Nitro-o-PDAis used in fur dyes, inks, and semipermanent yellow hair coloring formulations requiring a yellow color component that does not involve the use of hydrogen peroxide in the color development.
Occupational exposure to 4-nitro-o-PDA may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where p-PDA is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to the compound via dermal contact, primarily through the use of hair dyes containing this compound.

What are the applications of Application

4-Nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine is a hair dye constituent with potential mutagenic activity. It is used in oxidation hair dye formulations at a maximum concentration of 1.0 %, which after mixing typically in a 1:1 ratio with hydrogen peroxide just prior to use, corresponds to a concentration of 0.5% upon application.

Preparation

Prepared by reduction of 2,4-dinitroaniline using H2S in ammonia water.

General Description

4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine appears as dark red needles or red solid.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong reducing agents, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine are not available; however, 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine is probably combustible.

Biochem/physiol Actions

4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine is a direct-acting mutagen.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Questionable carcinogen. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx,.

Purification Methods

Crystallise the diamine from water. [Beilstein 13 IV 75.]