Thymine

Synonym(s):2,4-Dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine;5-Methyluracil;Thymine

CAS NO.：65-71-4
Empirical Formula: C5H6N2O2
Molecular Weight: 126.11
MDL number: MFCD00006026
EINECS: 200-616-1
SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)
Update Date: 2024-08-21 22:41:43

What is Thymine?

Chemical properties

White, crystalline powder. Slightly soluble in hot water; insoluble in coldwater, alcohol; sparingly soluble in ether; readily soluble in alkalies.

The Uses of Thymine

Thymine is a nitrogenous base component in the nucleic acid of DNA.

The Uses of Thymine

A nucleobase found in deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA).

The Uses of Thymine

Thymine (Zidovudine EP Impurity C) is a nitrogenous base component in the nucleic acid of DNA.

What are the applications of Application

Thymine is a nucleobase found in deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA)

Definition

ChEBI: A pyrimidine nucleobase that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a methyl group.

Definition

A nitrogenous base found in DNA. It has a PYRIMIDINE ring structure.

Definition

thymine: A pyrimidine derivativeand one of the major componentbases of nucleotides and the nucleicacid DNA.

Synthesis Reference(s)

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 25, p. 149, 1960 DOI: 10.1021/jo01071a612

General Description

Thymine (Zidovudine Related Compound C) is a process related impurity of antiretroviral drug zidovudine. Zidovudine belongs to the class of drugs known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and is generally used in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Thymine used in studying DNA structure byirradtaion methods leading to cross-linking reactions and derivitizations. Thymine dimers are indicative of DNA damage. Thymine is used with metal (mercury) to form thymine?HgII?thymine (T?HgII?T) duplexes. Thymine starvation in bacteria leads to halt in DNA synthesis and is referred as thymine-less death.

Purification Methods

Crystallise thymine from EtOAc, 10% aqueous EtOH or water. It has m 318-320o after sublimation at 200o/12mm. Purify it by preparative (2mm thick) TLC plates of silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate/isopropanol/water (75:16:9, v/v; RF 0.75). The desired spot is localated with a uv lamp, cut the band from the plate, place it in MeOH, shake and filter it through a millipore filter, then evaporate. [Infante et al. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 68 1586 1973, Beilstein 24 H 353, 24 I 330, 24 II 183, 24 III/IV 1292.]

Properties of Thymine

Melting point:	~320 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Boiling point:	234.21°C (rough estimate)
Density	1.3541 (rough estimate)
refractive index	1.5090 (estimate)
storage temp.	Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility	DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly, Heated)
form	Powder
pka	9.94(at 25℃)
color	White
Water Solubility	Soluble in hot water. Slightly soluble in alcohol.
Decomposition	335 °C
Merck	14,9398
BRN	607626
Stability:	Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
CAS DataBase Reference	65-71-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference	Thymine(65-71-4)
EPA Substance Registry System	Thymine (65-71-4)

Safety information for Thymine

Signal word	Warning
Pictogram(s)	Exclamation Mark Irritant GHS07
GHS Hazard Statements	H315:Skin corrosion/irritation H319:Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Precautionary Statement Codes	P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P302+P352:IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water. P305+P351+P338:IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing. P332+P313:IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P337+P313:IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.