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HomeProduct name listSAMARIUM(II) IODIDE

SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE

Synonym(s):Samarium diiodide

  • CAS NO.:32248-43-4
  • Empirical Formula: I2Sm
  • Molecular Weight: 404.17
  • MDL number: MFCD00058873
  • EINECS: 203-726-8
  • SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)
  • Update Date: 2024-05-31 13:29:57
SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE Structural

What is SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE?

Description

Samarium(II) iodide, SmI2, when employed as a solution for organic synthesis, is known as “Kagan’s reagent.” SmI2 is a green solid and its solutions are green as well. It is a strong one-electron reducing agent that is used in organic synthesis. Solid, solvent-free SmI2 forms by high-temperature decomposition of samarium(III) iodide (SmI3).

Chemical properties

Deep bleu-green solution

The Uses of SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE

Samarium(II) iodide solution (SmI2) can be used as a reagent in the synthesis of:

  • Benzannulated pyrrolizidines and indolizidines by SmI2-induced cyclizations of indole derivatives.
  • Chiral 4-substituted 2-oxazolidinones and 5,5-disubstituted oxazolidinones through asymmetric Reformatsky type reaction.
  • γ-Aminoalkyl substituted γ-butyrolactones via ketyl-alkene coupling reaction.

It can also be used in:
  • Reduction of conjugated double and triple bonds into alkenes using SmI2/H2O/amine mixtures.
  • Conversion of β-hydroxyketones into 1,3-diols by SmI2/H2O/Et3N.
  • Selective reduction of 6-membered lactones to the corresponding diols/triols using SmI2-H2O reagent system.

SmI2 is an effective single-electron reducing agent for the promotion of ketone-olefin, ketyl aryl cyclizations, and pinacol coupling reactions under mild conditions. Often both intramolecular and intermolecular couplings proceed in a highly stereoselective fashion. It is also used in the synthesis of new heteroleptic samarium aryloxide/cyclopentadienide complexes.

The Uses of SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE

In organic synthesis and electron transfer reactions; in discharge lamps.

Purification Methods

A possible impurity is SmI3 from which it is made. If present, grind the solid to a powder and heat it in a stream of pure H2. The temperature (~ 500-600o) should be below the m (~ 628o) of SmI3, since the molten compounds react very slowly. [Wetzel in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II pp 1149, 1150 1965.]

Properties of SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE

Melting point: 526 ±3°
Boiling point: solid: 1580℃ [CRC10]
Density  0.922 g/mL at 25 °C
Flash point: −2 °F
storage temp.  2-8°C
solubility  reacts with H2O
form  powder
color  Deep blue-green
Sensitive  Air & Moisture Sensitive
Merck  14,8349
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 50 ppm; STEL 100 ppm (Skin)
OSHA: TWA 200 ppm(590 mg/m3)
NIOSH: IDLH 2000 ppm; TWA 200 ppm(590 mg/m3); STEL 250 ppm(735 mg/m3)
CAS DataBase Reference 32248-43-4(CAS DataBase Reference)

Safety information for SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE

Signal word Danger
Pictogram(s)
ghs
Flame
Flammables
GHS02
ghs
Corrosion
Corrosives
GHS05
ghs
Exclamation Mark
Irritant
GHS07
ghs
Health Hazard
GHS08
GHS Hazard Statements H225:Flammable liquids
H260:Substances And Mixtures Which, In Contact With Water,Emit Flammable Gases
H302:Acute toxicity,oral
H314:Skin corrosion/irritation
H315:Skin corrosion/irritation
H318:Serious eye damage/eye irritation
H319:Serious eye damage/eye irritation
H335:Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure;Respiratory tract irritation
H351:Carcinogenicity
H371:Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure
H372:Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure
H373:Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure
Precautionary Statement Codes P210:Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.
P223:Keep away from any possible contact with water, because of violent reaction and possible flash fire.
P233:Keep container tightly closed.
P240:Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P260:Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264:Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
P264:Wash skin thouroughly after handling.
P270:Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P271:Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P303+P361+P353:IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P305+P351+P338:IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.
P370+P378:In case of fire: Use … for extinction.
P405:Store locked up.
P403+P233:Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403+P235:Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P501:Dispose of contents/container to..…

Computed Descriptors for SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE

InChIKey UAWABSHMGXMCRK-UHFFFAOYSA-L

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