INDENO(1,2,3-C,D)PYRENE

Chemical properties

solid

The Uses of INDENO(1,2,3-C,D)PYRENE

Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and a known carcinogen. Indeno[ 1,2,3-cd]pyrene is listed as a priority pollutant by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Indeno [1,2,3-cd]pyrene has been detected in automobile engine exhaust, charcoal broiled foods, ground water, river sediments as well as cigarette smoke condensate.

The Uses of INDENO(1,2,3-C,D)PYRENE

A component of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, also known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, usually bound to small particulate matter present in urban air, industrial and natural combustion emissions, and cigarette smoke.

The Uses of INDENO(1,2,3-C,D)PYRENE

Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and a known carcinogen. Indeno[ 1,2,3-cd]pyrene is listed as a priority pollutant by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene has been detected in automobile engine exhaust, charcoal broiled foods, ground water, river sediments as well as cigarette smoke condensate.

What are the applications of Application

Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon for oncology research

Definition

ChEBI: Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene is a member of pyrenes.

General Description

Yellow crystals.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Vigorous reactions, sometimes amounting to explosions, can result from the contact between aromatic hydrocarbons, such as INDENO(1,2,3-C,D)PYRENE, and strong oxidizing agents. They can react exothermically with bases and with diazo compounds. Substitution at the benzene nucleus occurs by halogenation (acid catalyst), nitration, sulfonation, and the Friedel-Crafts reaction.

Hazard

Possible carcinogen.

Health Hazard

ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: Toxic.

Health Hazard

Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene causes lung cancer inanimals. There is sufficient evidence of itscarcinogenic actions in animals. However, thecancer-causing effects of this compound inhumans are un known. There is no report onits toxicity.

Fire Hazard

Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Some may be transported hot.

Carcinogenicity

The IARC has determined that there is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of IP in animals.4 No human data are available because exposures typically involve chemical mixtures containing numerous polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. IP is considered possibly carcinogenic to humans.

Source

No MCLGs or MCLs have been proposed (U.S. EPA, 2000).
Detected in 8 diesel fuels at concentrations ranging from 0.056 to 0.85 mg/L with a mean value of 0.143 mg/L (Westerholm and Li, 1994). Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene was also reported in gasoline (59 μg/L), fresh motor oil (30 μg/L), and used motor oil (34.0 to 83.2 mg/kg) (quoted, Verschueren, 1983). Also detected in asphalt fumes at an average concentration of 5.92 ng/m³ (Wang et al., 2001).
The concentration of indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene in coal tar and the maximum concentration reported in groundwater at a mid-Atlantic coal tar site were 1,200 and 0.002 mg/L, respectively (Mackay and Gschwend, 2001). Based on laboratory analysis of 7 coal tar samples, indeno[1,2,3- cd]pyrene concentrations ranged from ND to 1,400 ppm (EPRI, 1990). Identified in hightemperature coal tar pitches used in roofing operations at concentrations ranging from ND to 2,460 mg/kg (Malaiyandi et al., 1982).
Nine commercially available creosote samples contained indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene at concentrations ranging from 1 to 40 mg/kg (Kohler et al., 2000). Schauer et al. (2001) measured organic compound emission rates for volatile organic compounds, gas-phase semi-volatile organic compounds, and particle phase organic compounds from the residential (fireplace) combustion of pine, oak, and eucalyptus. The particle-phase emission rates of indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene were 0.518 mg/kg of pine burned and 0.168 mg/kg of eucalyptus burned.
Particle-phase tailpipe emission rates from gasoline-powered automobiles with and without catalytic converters were 0.436 and 92.0 μg/km, respectively (Schauer et al., 2002).

Environmental Fate

Chemical/Physical. Indeno[1,2,3-cd] will not hydrolyze (Kollig, 1993).