Hydantoin

Chemical properties

White Solid

The Uses of Hydantoin

The product has been used as a substrate (at 40 °C and pH 9.0) to determine the D-hydantoinase activity in adzuki bean extract.

The Uses of Hydantoin

Reactant for synthesis of: N-benzyl aplysinopsin analogs as anticancer agents, D-glutamic acid based inhibitors, Antidiabetic chromonyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones, GSK-3β, inhibitors with brain permeability, Thiazolidinedione derivatives as 15-PGDH inhibitors, and Radio-sensitizing agents.

What are the applications of Application

Hydantoin is a reactant for synthesis of N-benzyl aplysinopsin analogs as anticancer agents

Definition

ChEBI: Hydantoin is an imidazolidine-2,4-dione.

Pharmaceutical Applications

Control of generalized convulsive status epilepticus; prevention and treatment of seizures during neurosurgery; short-term substitute for oral phenytoin.

Mechanism of action

Hydantoins are a class of drugs mainly used to treat seizures (anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drugs). Hydantoins reduce seizures by targeting the sodium channel present throughout the nerves. Activation of sodium channels results in the conduction of electrical impulses and the release of neurotransmitters. It could stabilise neuronal membranes by decreasing sodium and calcium ion influx into the neurons. Also decreases post-tetanic potentiation and repetitive discharge.

Pharmacokinetics

Completely absorbed after IM administration. Protein binding: 95%–99%. Rapidly and completely hydrolyzed to phenytoin after IM or IV administration. Time of complete conversion to phenytoin: 4 hr after IM injection; 2 hr after IV infusion. Half-life: 8–15 min (for conversion to phenytoin).