DIENOCHLOR

The Uses of DIENOCHLOR

Dienochlor is used for the control of mites (Tetrunychus spp., Panonychus ulmi and Polyphagotarsonemus latus) on roses, Chrysanthemums and other ornamentals.

The Uses of DIENOCHLOR

Miticide.

The Uses of DIENOCHLOR

Acaricide used for control of mites on ornamentals.

Definition

ChEBI: Dienochlor is an organochlorine compound.

Environmental Fate

Plant. On plants, dienochlor was converted by sunlight to form perchloro ketones (Quistad and Mulholland, 1983).
Chemical/Physical. Dienochlor is unstable when exposed to sunlight. When dienochlor applied as a thin ?lm on glass plates was exposed to sunlight, nonpolar products, a tricyclic chlorocarbon and 3 isomeric perchloro ketones were formed at yields
Dienochlor begins to decompose at 130°C (Worthing and Hance, 1991).

Metabolic pathway

Dienochlor is readily degraded in sunlight to many products, only a few of which have been identified. It is also metabolised in animals but to unknown products. In vitro studies have shown that it interacts with thiols (glutathione, cysteine, efc.) and proteins.

Metabolism

Dienochlor decomposes in simulated sunlight (DT₅₀ 1.6 min). Degradation is mainly environmental rather than metabolic, and photochemical breakdown is rapid. It decomposes in soils, DT₅₀ 3.1 days and DT₅₀ 2–3 days on plants exposed to sunlight.The major degradation products of dienochlor in plants are perchloroketones. It is rapidly degraded in rats.

Degradation

Dienochlor is stable in storage at 54°C for 14 days and at 42°C over 2 years. It undergoes hydrolysis with DT₅₀ values at pH 5,7 and 9 of 184, 93 and 30.5 days, respectively, at 25 °C. It decomposes in simulated sunlight with a DT₅₀ of 1.6 minutes (PM).
A thin film of dienochlor on glass was readily degraded with a half-life of <1 hour on exposure to sunlight. Four photoproducts were isolated from a plethora of products and identified by ¹³C NMR spectroscopy (Quistad and Mulholland, 1983). The photocatalysed addition of two chlorine atoms (from donor dienochlor) afforded the tricyclic photochlorination product 2 (up to 10% yield). Three isomeric perchloroketones (3,4 and 5), each resulting from the net addition of one oxygen atom, were major products, both on glass (up to 14% combined isomers) and on cucumber and strawberry plants (up to 11% yield). Generally products 2, 3 and 4 were found in similar yields and 5 was the minor of the identified metabolites. The photochlorination product 2, however, was not detected on the plants. These products are illustrated in Scheme 1.