Acid Red 27

Description

Amaranth (FD & C Red No. 2) consists essentially of a trisodium 2-hydroxy-l-(4-sulfonato-1-naphthy lazo)naphthalene 3,6-disulfonate and subsidiary coloring matters together with sodium chloride and/or sodium sulfate as the principal uncolored components. Amaranth may be converted to the corresponding aluminum lake.

Description

Amaranth is a tribasic sulfonate dye first prepared by O. Knecht in 1886. It became known as the infamous FD&C Red No. 2, which was used to add red color to foods and cosmetics—until it was banned by FDA in 1976 as a suspected carcinogen. It also is used to dye wool and silk and as an indicator in hydrazine titrations.

Chemical properties

solid

The Uses of Acid Red 27

Dyeing wool and silk bright bluish-red from an acid bath. Food colorant. As indicator. In color photography.

What are the applications of Application

Amaranth is a cytoplasmic and nuclear dye

Definition

An azo dye derived from naphthionic and R acids.

World Health Organization (WHO)

Approval of amaranth as a permitted colouring agent in foods and pharmaceutical products was withdrawn by the United States FDA in 1976, on the basis of positive findings in carcinogenicity tests which were later disputed on technical grounds and which have not been confirmed in subsequent tests. It has since been withdrawn by some other national regulatory authorities because of uncertainty regarding its safety, but elsewhere it remains widely used.

General Description

Dark red to dark purple powder. Almost no odor. Tastes salty. pH (1% solution in water) approximately 10.8. Used to dye wool and silk bright bluish-red from an acid bath.

Air & Water Reactions

Can be explosive as an airborne dust at certain concentrations. Moderately soluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Acid Red 27 may form toxic gases with acids, aldehydes, amides, carbamates, cyanides, inorganic fluorides, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, metals, nitrides, peroxides, phenols, epoxides, acyl halides, and strong oxidizing or reducing agents. May form flammable gases with alkali metals. Explosive combination can occur with strong oxidizing agents, metal salts, peroxides, and sulfides.

Hazard

A questionable carcinogen. May not be used in foods, drugs, or cosmetics.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for Acid Red 27 are not available; however, Acid Red 27 is probably combustible.

Properties and Applications

Standard	Light Fastness	Soaping		Persperation Fastness	Oxygen bleaching		Fastness to seawater
		Fading	Stain		Fading	Stain	Fading	Stain
ISO	3	3	5	3-4	1	4-5	3	2
AATCC	5	3	3	3-4	2	2	1	1