12190-71-5
Product Name:
iodine
Formula:
I2
Synonyms:
Iodine;Iodine crystals;Diiodine;Molecular iodine;Iodine molecule (I)
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CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
| Physical Description | Violet-black crystals with a metallic luster and a sharp odor. Mp: 133.5 °C, bp: 185 °C. Emits toxic vapor at room conditions; vapor becomes visibly purple when its concentration builds up in a confined space. Nearly insoluble in water but very soluble in aqueous solutions of iodides. |
|---|---|
| Color/Form | Bluish-black scales or plates; diatomic; violet vapor |
| Odor | Sharp characteristic odor. |
| Taste | Sharp, acrid |
| Boiling Point | 365 °F at 760 mmHg (NIOSH, 2023) |
| Melting Point | 236 °F (NIOSH, 2023) |
| Solubility | 0.01 % (NIOSH, 2023) |
| Density | 4.93 (NIOSH, 2023) - Denser than water; will sink |
| Vapor Density | 6.75 g/L at 101.3 MPa, 185 °C |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.3 mmHg at 77 °F (NIOSH, 2023) |
| LogP | log Kow = 2.49 |
| Stability/Shelf Life | Readily sublimes at room temperature, forming violet corrosive vapor. |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen iodide/ and various iodine compounds. |
| Viscosity | 2.27 cP at 116 °C |
| Corrosivity | Vapor is corrosive |
| Heat of Vaporization | 164.45 J/g |
| Ionization Potential | 9.31 eV |
| Odor Threshold | Odor low= 9.00 mg/cu m; Odor high= 9.00 mg/cu m; Irritating Concn= 2.0 mg/cu m |
| Refractive Index | Index of refraction: 3.34 |
| Other Experimental Properties | Only one stable isotope, Iodine-127, is found in nature. |
| Chemical Classes | Other Classes -> Elements, Nonmetallic |
COMPUTED DESCRIPTORS
| Molecular Weight | 253.8089 g/mol |
|---|---|
| XLogP3 | 1.7 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 0 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 253.80895 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 253.80895 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 0 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 2 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 0 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
| Compound Is Canonicalized | Yes |
PRODUCT INTRODUCTION
description
Iodine is a naturally occurring element found in sea water and in certain rocks and sediments. There are non radioactive and radioactive forms of iodine. Iodine is used as a disinfectant for cleaning surfaces and storage containers and is used in skin soaps and bandages, and for purifying water. Iodine is also added to some table salt to ensure that all people in the United States have enough iodine in their diet. Most radioactive iodine is manmade. It is used in medical tests and to treat certain diseases. Most radioactive forms of iodine change very quickly (seconds to days) to stable elements that are not radioactive. However, 129I (read as iodine 129) changes very slowly (over millions of years).