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7439-97-6

7439-97-6 structural image
Product Name: Mercury
Formula: Hg
Synonyms: Mercury
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CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Physical Description Mercury appears as an odorless, silvery metallic liquid. Insoluble in water. Toxic by ingestion, absorption and inhalation of the fumes. Corrosive to aluminum. Used as a catalyst in instruments, boilers, mirror coatings.
Color/Form Silver-white, heavy, mobile, liquid metal; solid mercury is tin-white
Odor Odorless
Boiling Point 675 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)
Melting Point -38 °F (USCG, 1999)
Solubility Insoluble (NIOSH, 2023)
Density 13.55 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink
Vapor Density Relative vapor density (air = 1): 6.93
Vapor Pressure 0.0012 mmHg (NIOSH, 2023)
Stability/Shelf Life SLIGHTLY VOLATILE AT ORDINARY TEMP; WHEN PURE, DOES NOT TARNISH ON EXPOSURE TO AIR AT ORDINARY TEMP, BUT WHEN HEATED TO NEAR BOILING POINT, SLOWLY OXIDIZES TO MERCURIC OXIDE (HGO)
Autoignition Temperature Not flammable (USCG, 1999)
Viscosity 1.55 mPa.sec (15.5 millipoise) at 20 °C
Corrosivity The high mobility and tendency to dispersion exhibited by mercury, and the ease with which it forms alloys (amalga) with many laboratory and electrical contact metals, can cause severe corrosion problems in laboratories.
Heat of Vaporization 14.652 kcal/mole @ 25 °C
Surface Tension 470 dynes/cm @ 20 °C
Refractive Index Index of refraction: 1.6 to 1.9 @ 20 °C
Other Experimental Properties Ductile malleable mass which may be cut with a knife; atomic number 80; valences 1 and 2; group 2B element of periodic table; natural isotopes 202 (29.80%), 200 (23.13%), 199 (16.84%), 201 (13.22%), 198 (10.02%), 204 (6.85%) and 196 (0.146%); electrical resistivity 95.76 microohm cm at 20 °C; forms alloys with most metals except iron and combines with sulfur at ordinary temp; reacts with HNO3, hot concn H2SO4, and ammonia solutions to form Hg2NOH (Millon's base); std electrode reduction potential: eo (aq) Hg/Hg2+ equals -0.854 volts; eo (aq) 2 Hg/2Hg2+ equals -0.789 volts
Chemical Classes Metals -> Elements, Metallic

SAFETY INFORMATION

Signal word Danger
Pictogram(s)

Skull and Crossbones
Acute Toxicity
GHS06

Health Hazard
GHS08

Environment
GHS09
GHS Hazard Statements H330:Acute toxicity,inhalation
H372:Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure
H410:Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard
Precautionary Statement Codes P201:Obtain special instructions before use.
P273:Avoid release to the environment.

COMPUTED DESCRIPTORS

Molecular Weight 200.59 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 0
Rotatable Bond Count 0
Exact Mass 201.970644 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 201.970644 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count 1
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 0
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes

PRODUCT INTRODUCTION

description

Mercurycombines with other elements, such as chlorine, sulfur, or oxygen, to form inorganic mercury compounds or "salts", which are usually white powders or crystals. Mercury also combines with carbon to make organic mercury compounds. The most common one, methylmercury, is produced mainly by microscopic organisms in the water and soil. More mercury in the environment can increase the amounts of methylmercury that these small organisms make.Metallic Mercuryis a dense liquid that vaporizes easily at room temperature. Metallic mercury is not easily absorbed into unbroken skin. However, it vaporizes, even at room temperature. The higher the temperature, the more vapors are released. Mercury vapors are colorless and odorless, though they can be seen with the aid of an ultraviolet light.Metallic mercury is used to produce chlorine gas and caustic soda, and is also used in thermometers, dental fillings, and batteries. Mercury salts are sometimes used in skin lightening creams and as antiseptic creams and ointments.

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