Acute toxicity - Category 4, Oral
Skin corrosion, Sub-category 1B
Serious eye damage, Category 1
Skin sensitization, Sub-category 1A
Respiratory sensitization, Category 1
Specific target organ toxicity – repeated exposure, Category 1
H302 Harmful if swallowed
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction
H334 May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled
H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/...
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P284 [In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection.
P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.
P330 Rinse mouth.
P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P316 Get emergency medical help immediately.
P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P317 Get medical help.
P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/...
P333+P317 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help.
P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P342+P316 If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Get emergency medical help immediately.
P319 Get medical help if you feel unwell.
P405 Store locked up.
P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal.
no data available
Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer for medical attention.
First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again.
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .
Inhalation causes coughing, sneezing, throat irritation. Skin contact causes irritation and redness. Vapors cause severe eye irritation; photophobia and double vision may occur. (USCG, 1999)
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Organic acids and related compounds
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Behavior in Fire: When heated above 300°F in the presence of various materials may generate heat and carbon dioxide. Will explode if confined. (USCG, 1999)
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. NO powder.
Personal protection: face shield, thermal gloves, chemical protection suit and particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. See Notes. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers.
Personal protection: face shield, thermal gloves, chemical protection suit and particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. See Notes. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers.
Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
NO open flames. Closed system, dust explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent deposition of dust. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
Dry. Separated from strong oxidants, strong bases and food and feedstuffs.Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Moisture sensitive. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non-combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
MAK: 0.081 mg/m3, 0.02 ppm; peak limitation category: I(1); sensitization of respiratory tract and skin (SAH); pregnancy risk group: C
no data available
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder.
See Notes. Protective clothing.
Use local exhaust or breathing protection.
no data available
Solid. Needles or lumps or pellets.
Colorless or white.
Pungent odor
51.2 - 53.1 °C.
Ca. 185 °C. Atm. press.:101 kPa.
Combustible Solid, but may be difficult to ignite.
Flammable limits: 1.4% by volume (Lower) 7.1% by volume (Upper)
103 °C.
477 °C.
no data available
2.42.;2.62.;3.
dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.61. Temperature:60.0°C.;dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 1.07. Temperature:90.0°C.;dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.6. Temperature:150.0°C.
Soluble; decomposes in hot solvent (NTP, 1992)
log Pow = -2.36. Temperature:19.8 °C.;log Pow = -2.78. Temperature:19.8 °C.;log Pow = -2.68. Temperature:19.8 °C.
15.1 Pa. Temperature:22 °C.;37.7 Pa. Temperature:30 °C.;108 Pa. Temperature:40 °C.
1.48 g/cm3. Temperature:20 °C.;1.3 g/cm3. Temperature:60 °C.;3.38.
3.4 (vs air)
no data available
The solution in water is a medium strong acid. Reacts with strong bases and strong oxidants.
Stable under normal laboratory storage conditions.
Great care must be taken with the molten and vapor as material in this state is flammable. The material is a combustible solid.MALEIC ANHYDRIDE react vigorously on contact with oxidizing materials. Reacts exothermically with water or steam. Undergoes violent exothermic decomposition reactions, producing carbon dioxide, in the presence of strong bases (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide), alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium), aliphatic amines (dimethylamine, trimethylamine), aromatic amines (pyridine, quinoline) at temperatures above 150° C [Vogler, C. A. et al., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1963, 8, p. 620]. A 0.1% solution of pyridine (or other tertiary amine) in maleic anhydride at 185°C gives an exothermic decomposition with rapid evolution of gas [Chem Eng. News 42(8); 41 1964]. Maleic anhydride is known as an excellent dienophile in the Diels-Alder reaction to produce phthalate ester derivatives. These reactions can be extremely violent, as in the case of 1-methylsilacyclopentadiene [J. Organomet., Chem., 1979, 179, c19]. Maleic anhydride undergoes a potentially explosive exothermic Diels-Alder reaction with 1-methylsilacyclopenta-2,4-diene at 150C [Barton, T. J., J. Organomet. Chem., 1979, 179, C19], and is considered an excellent dieneophile for Diels-Alder reactions [Felthouse, Timothy R. et al. "Maleic Anhydride, Maleic Acid, and Fumaric Acid." Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2005].
no data available
Incompatible with alkali metals, caustics, and amines at greater than 150 deg F.
Maleic anhydride decomposes exothermically, evolving carbon dioxide in the presence of dimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, or quinoline at temperatures above 150 deg C.
no data available
no data available
no data available
no data available
A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.
No information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of maleic anhydride in humans. No teratogenic or fetotoxic effects were observed in the offspring of rats exposed via gavage or diet.
The substance is severely irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Inhalation may cause asthma-like reactions.
Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause asthma.
A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.
AEROBIC: Maleic anhydride, present at 100 mg/L, reached 54.8% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(1). Using OECD Guideline 301B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test), maleic anhydride was found to be readily biodegradable with CO2 evolution rates of 61.6% after 4 days and 93.2% after 11 days(2); it was noted that maleic anhydride hydrolyzes under the test conditions and, as a result, maleic acid is believed to be the test material investigated in the study(2). Another OECD Guideline 301B test determined >90% CO2 evolution within 25 days(2). Using OECD Guideline 301E (Ready Biodegradability: Modified OECD Screening Test) and a non-adapted activated sludge inoculum, maleic anhydride was found to be readily biodegradable with a 73-81% removal after 28 days(2). The TOC and COD-Mn of maleic anhydride, present at 170 mg/L in industrial wastewater, was reduced by 98% and 99%, respectively, after 1 day of acclimation with an activated sludge inocculum from a waste water treatment plant(3). In one report 99% removal was achieved in 4 hr by activated sludge(4). Others report 40-60% theoretical BOD in 5 days with sewage inoculum(5,6). The data suggest that maleic anhydride is expected to biodegrade rapidly(SRC); however, maleic anhydride hydrolyzes rapidly in water forming maleic acid with hydrolysis half-lives of 3.32 and 0.37 minutes at 0 and 25.1 deg C, respectively(7). Therefore, the available biodegradation rates are expected to correspond primarily to maleic acid(SRC).
An estimated BCF of 5 was calculated in fish for maleic anhydride(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 1.62(1) and a regression-derived equation(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). In addition, maleic anhydride hydrolyzes rapidly in water forming maleic acid with hydrolysis half-lives of 3.32 and 0.37 minutes at 0 and 25.1 deg C respectively(3). Bioconcentration of maleic anhydride in aquatic organisms is unlikely due its rapid hydrolysis(SRC).
Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of maleic anhydride can be estimated to be 1(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that maleic anhydride is expected to have very high mobility in soil. However, maleic anhydride hydrolyzes rapidly in water forming maleic acid with hydrolysis half-lives of 3.32 and 0.37 minutes at 0 and 25.1 deg C respectively(3). Therefore, potential leaching in soil is expected to be dominated by degradation to maleic acid(SRC).
no data available
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
ADR/RID: UN2215 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: UN2215 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: UN2215 (For reference only, please check.)
ADR/RID: MALEIC ANHYDRIDE (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: MALEIC ANHYDRIDE (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: MALEIC ANHYDRIDE (For reference only, please check.)
ADR/RID: 8 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: 8 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: 8 (For reference only, please check.)
ADR/RID: III (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: III (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: III (For reference only, please check.)
ADR/RID: No
IMDG: No
IATA: No
no data available
no data available
Reacts violently with fire extinguishing agents such as powder.Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested.The symptoms of asthma often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. Rest and medical observation are therefore essential.Anyone who has shown symptoms of asthma due to this substance should avoid all further contact with this substance.Maleic anhydride is transported also as hot liquid (70°C); contact of the skin should be avoided.The odour warning when the exposure limit value is exceeded is insufficient.