Loxoprofen

Absorption

Loxoprofen is rapidly and completely absorbed from the GI tract with a bioavailability of 95%. The absorption phase of the medication occurs in the first 4-6 hours after ingestion. Food ingestion with the medication causes a slight decrease in the rate of loxoprofen absorption.

Toxicity

Adverse effects include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, bleeding, anemia, diarrhea, and constipation. Loxoprofen toxicity may lead to gastrointestinal disturbance (including flatulence, dyspepsia and gastritis) and renal failure.

The Uses of Loxoprofen

Loxoprofen is a non-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been effective in reducing atherosclerosis in mice by reducing inflammation. Loxoprofen becomes active after metabolism in the body and inhibits the activation of cyclooxygenase.

The Uses of Loxoprofen

antiinflammatory, analgesic

Indications

Loxoprofen is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAID) indicated for pain and inflammation related to musculoskeletal and joint disorders. In addition to its effects on pain, it is an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory medication.

Background

Loxoprofen is a propionic acid derivative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is marketed under the trade name Loxonin in Brazil, Mexico and Japan by Sankyo, as Loxomac in India, and as Oxeno in Argentina. A transdermal preparation was approved for use in Japan in January 2006.

What are the applications of Application

Loxoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound

Definition

ChEBI: A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl)methyl]phenyl group. A prodrug that is rapidly converted to its active trans-alcohol metabolite following ora administration.

Pharmacokinetics

Loxoprofen is a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase enzymes, which are responsible for the formation of various biologically active pain, fever, and inflammatory mediators. These include prostaglandins, prostacyclin, thromboxane, and arachidonic acid.

Metabolism

Loxoprofen is a prodrug that is rapidly converted to its active trans-alcohol metabolite by carbonyl reductase in the liver. This same process also results in a cis-alcohol metabolite, though this isomer carries little pharmacological activity. The parent drug has also been observed to undergo oxidation via CYP3A4/5 to two hydroxylated metabolites (M3 and M4) and glucuronidation by UGT2B7 to two glucuronide metabolites (M5 and M6). The alcohol metabolites of loxoprofen also undergo glucuronide conjugation via UGT2B7 to two glucuronide metabolites (M7 and M8) prior to excretion.
When applied in topical formulations, loxoprofen is metabolized to its active trans-alcohol form by carbonyl reductase in the skin.