Direct Black 38

Description

Direct black 38 is a black powder. An AZOcompound. Molecular weight= 781.78; Freezing/Meltingpoint $ 400℃. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704M Rating System): Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0.Slightly soluble in water.

Chemical properties

black crystalline powder

The Uses of Direct Black 38

Chlorozol Black E is a chitin-specific stain and used to detect fungal filaments. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.

What are the applications of Application

Chlorazol Black is a stain that is used in general histology and cytology to view nuclei and cytoplasmic structures

Preparation

4-(4-Aminophenyl)benzenamine double nitriding, in acid conditions and 4-Amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid?coupling, aniline diazo, in alkaline conditions and 4-Amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid?group of adjacent a coupling, product again with Benzene-1,3-diamine coupling.

General Description

Gray-black microcrystals or black powder.

Air & Water Reactions

Azo dyes can be explosive when suspended in air at specific concentrations. Slightly soluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Direct Black 38 is an azo compound. Azo, diazo, azido compounds can detonate. This applies in particular to organic azides that have been sensitized by the addition of metal salts or strong acids. Toxic gases may form with acids, aldehydes, amides, carbamates, cyanides, inorganic fluorides, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, metals, nitrides, peroxides, phenols, epoxides, acyl halides, and strong oxidizing or reducing agents. Flammable gases form with alkali metals. Explosive combination can occur with strong oxidizing agents, metal salts, peroxides, and sulfides. Incompatible with strong acids [NTP, 1992)].

Hazard

Confirmed carcinogen. Moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation. An eye irritant.

Health Hazard

ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: Direct Black 38 may be absorbed through the skin. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides, disodium oxide and sulfur oxides.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for Direct Black 38 are not available; however, Direct Black 38 is probably combustible.

Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen with carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation. An eye irritant. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx, Na2o, and so2.

Potential Exposure

Mutagen; Human Data. Direct black38 is an azo compound and is used to dye fabric, leather,cotton, cellulosic materials, and paper; these are then usedin consumer products. The chemical may be used by artists(CPSC, EPA). The FDA has indicated that although directblack 38 is identified in the literature as a hair-dye component, it is currently not used by the cosmetic industry. Inview of a health hazard alert issued in December 1980 byOSHA, which cautioned workers and employers of the carcinogenic effect of benzidine-derived direct black 38,new nonbenzidine direct black dyes have been developedand used successfully in commercial applications by thepaper and leather industry. These nonbenzidine dyes weredeveloped with the hope of replacing benzidine-based dyesthroughout industry.

First aid

Skin Contact: Flood all areas of the body thathave contacted the substance with water. Do not wait toremove contaminated clothing; do it under the water stream.Use soap to help assure removal. Isolate contaminatedclothing when removed to prevent contact by others. EyeContact: Remove any contact lenses at once. Flush eyeswell with copious quantities of water or normal saline for atleast 2030 min. Seek medical attention. Inhalation: Leavecontaminated area immediately; breathe fresh air. Properrespiratory protection must be supplied to any rescuers. Ifcoughing, difficult breathing or any other symptomsdevelop, seek medical attention at once, even if symptomsdevelop many hours after exposure. Ingestion: If convulsions are not present, give a glass or two of water or milk todilute the substance. Assure that the person’s airway isunobstructed and contact a hospital or poison center immediately for advice on whether or not to induce vomiting.

storage

Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Store in a cool, dry place. Aregulated, marked area should be established where thischemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance withOSHA Standard 1910.1045.

Properties and Applications

black. Palm black powder. Soluble in water for green light black, solubility 40 g/l (85 ℃), and adequate soluble in alcohol for green light blue-black, right amount soluble in soluble fiber element, insoluble in other organic solvents. The strong sulfuric acid is a deep red in blue, diluted Purple dark reddish brown for to red light black precipitation; In nitric acid solution for yellow brown (not completely); In strong hydrochloric acid for dark red light black solution (don’t). The dye solution to join strong hydrochloric acid for Purple dark reddish brown, precipitation; Concentrated sodium hydroxide solution is generated gray light blue precipitaten. Cellulose fiber of dyeing, the dye absorption rate as well, in 80 ℃ temperature when the biggest affinity. Can discharge. Used for cotton, viscose, silk, polyamide fiber and its blending fabric, leather, wood, biological and plastic color, also used as the raw material of black ink.

Standard	Acid Resistance	Alkali Resistance	Light Fastness	Soaping		Water
				Fading	Stain	Fading	Stain
ISO	3	3	3	2		2-3
AATCC	3	3	4-5	3		2

Incompatibilities

Azo dyes can form explosive mixtures inair, especially if sensitized with metal salts and/or strongacids. Contact with alkali metals forms explosive gases.Contact with oxidizers and reducing agents forms toxicfumes and gases; also with acids, acryl halides, aldehydes,amides, carbamates, cyanides, epoxides, fluorides (inorganic), halogenated organic materials, isocyanates, ketones,metals, nitrides, peroxides, phenols. May form explosivemixtures with oxidizers, metal salts, peroxides, and sulfides.