151-21-3
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
| Physical Description | Dodecyl sulfate, [sodium salt] appears as white to pale yellow paste or liquid with a mild odor. Sinks and mixes with water. (USCG, 1999) |
|---|---|
| Color/Form | White or cream-colored crystals, flakes, or powder |
| Odor | Faint odor of fatty substances |
| Melting Point | 399 to 405 °F (NTP, 1992) |
| Solubility | less than 1 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992) |
| Density | greater than 1.1 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) |
| LogP | 1.6 |
| Stability/Shelf Life | Stable under recommended storage conditions. |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /sulfur oxides and sodium oxides/. |
| Surface Tension | 39.5 dyn/cm at 25 °C |
| Other Experimental Properties | Lowers the surface tension of aqueous solutions; emulsifies fats |
| Chemical Classes | Other Uses -> Emulsifiers/Surfactants |
SAFETY INFORMATION
| Signal word | Danger |
|---|---|
| Pictogram(s) |
 Corrosion Corrosives GHS05  Exclamation Mark Irritant GHS07 |
| GHS Hazard Statements |
H302:Acute toxicity,oral H315:Skin corrosion/irritation H318:Serious eye damage/eye irritation H412:Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard |
| Precautionary Statement Codes |
P264:Wash hands thoroughly after handling. P264:Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P273:Avoid release to the environment. P280:Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301+P312:IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell. P302+P352:IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water. P305+P351+P338:IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing. |
COMPUTED DESCRIPTORS
| Molecular Weight | 288.38 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 4 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 12 |
| Exact Mass | 288.13712473 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 288.13712473 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 74.8 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 18 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 249 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 2 |
| Compound Is Canonicalized | Yes |
PRODUCT INTRODUCTION
description
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is an anionic surfactant. It is mainly used as a detergent, emulsifier and protein denaturant in various industrial processes, especially in the production of personal care products, detergents and laboratory reagents. SDS is amphiphilic and interacts with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules, which helps to reduce the surface tension and enhances the cleaning ability, making it a multifunctional detergent. SDS is also an indispensable tool in the extraction and purification of proteins. By disrupting the protein structure, SDS facilitates the separation of proteins according to their molecular weight during SDS-PAGE electrophoresis.
Biological Uses
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) is a strong ionic detergent that is highly denaturing and effective at disrupting protein-protein interactions, especially when combined with heat. It can solubilize most proteins, except for those with extensive covalent cross-linking between subunits, such as keratins. When used to solubilize cells, SDS can cause lysis of the nucleus and release of DNA, making the sample viscous and difficult to handle.